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Ask HN: What are some available force multipliers that most people don't know?
314 points by newsbinator on Aug 9, 2020 | hide | past | favorite | 474 comments
All software is a force multiplier, but some tools, like Zapier/IFTTT are in a class of their own.

Likewise concepts like Compound Interest and arguably knowledge of fallacies, such as "sunk cost fallacy".

What are some force multipliers that are available to most people, but which most people don't regularly put into use?




Eyerollingly boring advice, but quitting (and deleting!) reddit, twitter, facebook, instagram, and maybe even HN. Anything designed with the explicit goal of occupying your attention. Maybe you've noticed that you haven't managed to read a book in a year. There's a reason for that. And none of those sites can give you knowledge of the depth found in even a particularly crappily-written book.

People get all worried about losing their followers & social connections. The social fabric is very adaptable. It does not require public technological codification. You realistically only need fewer than five good friends to be happy; text them. I can guarantee your followers don't care about you at all. The ones who do will reach out to you in other ways.

Since the OP also listed a fallacy, one in the same vein is the endowment effect - where people value things more simply because they already possess them. Consider the example of you holding a stock priced at $200. Now consider an alternate universe where you didn't own that stock but had $200 cash (plus some extra for transaction costs). Would you buy the stock? If not, you should probably consider selling it. This same thought process can be applied to nearly anything in your life: job, significant other, city in which you live. It's good for keeping you out of traps.


I quit reddit a year or so ago. I knew it was getting bad when I felt like my way of speaking was getting taken over by reddit speak and memes. Screw something silly up at work “that face when...”

I worked hard to start reading longer form articles and books again, but my attention span was so crippled! It was a really weird experience to quit reddit and social media. I still get memes from my friends, and I would have found them funny before, but now I’m so out of the loop I find the majority of them to be so half hearted. I guess memes are funnier when you’re reading tons of them and get that quick jolt of amusement.


> quitting (and deleting!) reddit, twitter, facebook, instagram, and maybe even HN.

I've completely dropped twitter/facebook/etc, but have found that I keep coming back to HN and reddit primarily to keep some level of awareness of things that happen outside of my "bubble".

How would you maintain that level of awareness while still dropping those social media platforms?


By scheduling time for them, if you have the available self-discipline. Spending 30 minutes once per day on reddit is enough to keep you in the loop, and if it is on your calendar at a specific time, your chances of sticking to it are good.

Scheduled violations of the rules seem to paradoxically help you follow the rules. Tim Ferris advocates for one dietary cheat day per week, with the idea that it takes incredible will power to give up donuts forever, but almost anyone can put it off until Friday.

Schedule your cheats.

Edit: scheduling is also great for beating procrastination. “I will change my oil at 7:30pm Tuesday” is way more effective than “I need to change my oil soon”


I had a therapist a while ago that spent a lot of time talking with me about how discipline and motivation aren't real. His point was that lots of people lose before they start by feeling like they aren't disciplined or motivated people inherently. And ultimately, the only way to measure motivation or discipline is to measure something else - "I was motivated to stay fit because I went to the gym"

He also spent a lot of time with me on understanding that motivation and discipline are most times just thin wrappers around what people actually want. Thinking less about "If I were just more disciplined I would be able to do this" and more about "If I actually wanted to do this I probably would", and then focusing on what you actually want, or why you don't want something, is probably a much more valuable of a use of time for some people than thinking about motivation or discipline.

I am not posting this to say "If you're a disciplined person, you're wrong" - but moreso "If you're a person that believes you struggle with motivation/discipline, maybe you can rethink those concepts".


I took a Jocko (he's a famous navy seal) quote and made it my mantra, it's similar.

He said "Be tougher."

To paraphrase the context: mental toughness is a choice, and if you aren't as tough as you want, you just have to be tougher. Choose it. In each moment when you are tested.

Thanks for your comment. For a while I had been wondering why I couldn't focus, wasn't able to accomplish some simple long term goals, etc. Be tougher was my fix, and your comment expands on some ideas in a way that makes sense to me.


As other commenters have pointed out, environment and context of an individual are often stronger than the individuals themselves. I thought I was tough, resilient and mindful. Then the pandemic came and I couldn’t choose not to feel stressed and distracted.


I think it's different for everyone, and I think finding what piece is preventing you from moving forward is important. For some people, they just _want to want_ something, rather than actually wanting it. Identifying that you don't actually want something can help you move forward. Whether that means building the skill of "cultivating the ability to do things you don't want to do", or just abandoning a task in favor of doing things you actually want - either is usually fine. Most people just stop at "I am unable to move forward with this thing because I am an unmotivated person."


While I agree that the so-called inherent motivation is an important aspect to take care of, some skills that help remove external distractions and help you focus better could be equally useful. No matter how motivated somebody is, if they have a poor mental hygiene of constantly distracting themselves with social media, or don't have separate areas for work and for entertainment in their apartment, or as a more extreme example, is constantly disrupted by noise, they will likely suffer from suboptimal productivity. Both aspects are worth being taken care of.


I'm not sure why you feel the need to say this, as the purpose of my post wasn't to challenge any of the other assertions in this thread - rather to provide more information.

I'm not going to debate you because there isn't a debate.


Thank you - I am motivated to want what I want - so solve the wanting of the motivation / willpower.


Yeah if I didn't schedule things and have task lists I'd never get anything done.


RSS feed of only the most significant items, e.g. HN over 500 votes, subreddit top 10 in the last month.


If you don't like maintaining RSS feeds https://hckrnews.com is great as well


Or use this service i made https://mailbrew.com and get all of that via email.


You could subscribe to a newspaper or magazine.


I haven't found a mainstream newspaper yet with the occasional gem of thought/ opinion that I've gotten off HN/ Reddit.


Have you tried The Economist?


The economist is like NPR to me.

Awesome content, but if you read pay attention closely, you can basically write the story without reading, because you know what the answers will be.

The paper NYT and WSJ are a great way to go. You get clear editorial contrasts and lots of content. Science Times and other feature sections are always a treat.


That's generally my experience, but I appreciate how most articles in the Economist have 1) an attempt to genuinely outline both sides of the argument, and 2) an attempt to clearly -- "clearly" is relative at times -- take a side in the discussion.

Most of the time that side is going to be the free market technocratic solution, hence the parent comment about being able to predict where the article will go, but even then I feel like I have an idea what the argument is and where the sides are.


Do you find it even-handed or skewed? Like, can you think of an article that would be in support of something Trump (or republicans in general) do?


Sort of. Trump in particular and modern republicans in general are focused on a different set of priorities.

The Economist loves free markets and a more laissez faire. GOP types quack about that stuff but lack in delivery.


The Economist is basically the flag-bearer of pro-capitalist policy, so yes their views would largely be supported by the entire US political establishment.


>would largely be supported by the entire US political establishment

Well that's just the thing! We observe Trump attacked from all sides of the establishment - the left, (some of) the right, and the entire government bureaucracy ("the deep state").

There is a rift somewhere in the system, and we're not discussing it...


It's stated to have a liberal slant, so especially on social issues it would disagree with Trump. It's also explicitly said bad things about Trump's demeanor or attitudes.

However, it does praise some actions that Trump and the Republicans have done with regards to covid19. I overall find that it greatly tones down the extreme takes / perspectives I see on Reddit, and finds lots of nuance


The Economist is definitely not liberal. It's intended to be nonpolitical but its conscious opinions lean conservative. Disagreeing with Trump or talking about Trump in a negative manner does not make one liberal, no matter what US political pundit will tell you.


> It's intended to be nonpolitical

Nonpartisan, yes. Nonpolitical? Absolutely not. The reason for its foundation was (specifically) to campaign against a policy held dear by the government of the day, and (generally) to promote a specific politico-economic worldview, that of free market capitalism with a strong emphasis on cross-border trade. Sometimes this can make their positions appear a little more left-leaning than a classic US libertarian could stomach, such as supporting the existence of the EU, if not every one of its actions; and tending to prefer at least a light touch of regulation on the markets, so long as it keeps the wheels of international commerce turning smoothly. Also, they are at pains to separate their news reporting (usually impeccably balanced and impartial) from their opinion pieces. As an answer to OP's question, I would actually second the recommendation of The Economist as an excellent way to keep abreast of world events while cunningly sidestepping the hysteria and sensationalism of nearly all other media (yes, including most "serious newspapers" these days).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economist#History


The Economist leans "liberal" in the sense of liberal economics, or UK's Liberal Democrat Party. In the US, this is perhaps better translated as "libertarian."


I remember when Rex Tillerson was appointed to State, and how they wrote a glowing article about how fucking great he was and how he'll improve foreign relations and make international capital work again and bla bla bla.

Four years later he's gone, even allegedly called Trump a "fucking moron" on the way out.


Yes. What you wouldn't find there generally is support for any left-wing, (actual left, not "liberal") policy.


For ads and fake news?


I recommend the book "Digital Minimalism" for some excellent advice on exactly those sort of questions


I agree with eradicating sources of distractions, but I must protest that personally I've learned _far more_ from newsletters/Hacker News/Twitter than I have from books. When I compare the amount of notes I take weekly from those bite-sized sources versus books, the former far outweighs the latter (like 5-10x).


For me HN and twitter are only useful for learning of things, not learning the things themselves. It's easy to get caught in the perpetual 101-level trap. All my actual valuable knowledge has come from reading textbooks & documentation or trying to build something in my own time.


"The smartest person in the room... is the room." -D. Weinberger


I learn more facts about the world and such from BSS (bite-sized sources) but I learn more about myself from books. Facts are useful (in emergencies) but I've found that knowing myself is far more useful. YMMV.


Twitter and reddit, if you tune what you follow correctly, are invaluable for keeping up with the things that are important to you professionally. Especially if you are responsible for security, following the right people on Twitter is the best way to make sure you know about new vulnerabilities quickly.

Twitter and Reddit are flexible enough that you can use them strictly professionally and be better for it.


I envy those who can engage with twitter in a healthy way, but the list of people whom I envy for this is very short. Everything about it designed to draw you outside of your narrow field of interest and thus increase the time spent on it.


I wish more people would maintain separate accounts for professional and personal use. It is annoying when someone you follow for their technical knowledge makes political posts that are very tempting to respond to. I think the key to healthy twitter use is being able to just scroll past those.


As a counter point, I find I learn a lot from Twitter, HN and Reddit. In that order too (ie, Reddit is the least useful). Twitter absolutely does wonders for staying on top of tech trends (especially TweetDeck), and has shown me lots of tools, libraries, techniques, etc that have made my software endeavors much more successful.

I do agree with you overall though. I have a virtual desktop dedicated to social sites, and a separate desktop for work, and I keep myself always aware of what "mode" I am in.

Facebook is utterly useless, I deleted my account years ago.


I find I learn a lot from Twitter, HN and Reddit

Are these learnings useful in your daily life and career? I too have learned a bit from these sites but I really do not know if that knowledge is useful in practice. Sure one can argue that our ability to think and connect things improve, any knowledge is useful etc and there is some truth to it. But at what cost though? Looking at the amount of time I spent on Reddit over the years, anything I might have learned seems miniscule. ROI is so low.


I would say they are for me. Reddit has really upped my vim and TypeScript games for example. Twitter is much smaller bites but still lots of useful stuff IMO.


> In that order too (ie, Reddit is the least useful).

For me, it's the exact opposite. In the case of Reddit, you can filter it down to only subreddits you are interested in, which increases the signal-to-noise ratio significantly.

Twitter would be the first thing I would get rid of tbh. It encourages shallow retorts and memes more than anything else. The only thing I still get from it is news, but Reddit gives you that with potentially interesting discussions on top.


I don't really participate in it, but Reddit's the only place I can easily find opinions about products that're maybe not paid shilling, now that smaller sites and forums are practically un-Googleable unless you already know their names—i.e. they won't come up for a search for anything general that they write about or discuss, unless you include their name, and even then it's iffy. Actually that's also true for a lot of things that aren't exactly products. If I want to know about a vacation spot but I don't want blogspam shill bullshit then I'll probably head to Reddit.

I do a lot of "reddit [thing I want to know about]" in DDG, just to kick the Reddit results to the top over all the webspam. Not "!reddit [thing I want to know about]" because Reddit's internal site search is, like most, worse than DDG or Google.


The virtual desktop idea is really interesting. How did you implement it/which tools did you use?


I use i3 on Linux. But MacOS now has native virtual desktops and I think Windows does too.


Definitely agreed - for anyone that thinks they might be getting too pulled into negative news, reddit upvotes, endless scrolling, video games, etc., https://defetter.com is nice guide - stumbled on it about a month ago.


I wish I could upvote this twice.

The technique they mention (AVRT addictive voice recognition technique) is actually useful for all sorts of things. “That’s my anxiety speaking. It is separate from me and I don’t have to listen to it”, etc.

You can personify and diminish all sorts of negative personality traits. “That’s my impulse to complain / interrupt / lash out / etc”


How do you deal with FOMO? I don't particularly care about Facebook/Instagram updates but RSS/HN/Twitter have been vital in my learning process. I learn something new every time I'm on these platforms. Personally, I think it's better to moderate your usage of these platforms than completely quitting them.


FOMO was probably the hardest thing to overcome before quitting twitter, after fear of losing my meagre number of followers. There are a few ways to look at this. First, consider the things you are happy to have not missed out on. Can you name them? Can you articulate what you got out of seeing them when they were brand new? Would seeing them a year or more later have changed what you got out of them?

One thing which helped a lot was realizing just how slow things really move. People post very interesting technical things every day, but those are usually the products of maybe a year of intensive offline effort. You don't fall behind by skipping reading those. You do fall behind by endlessly reading those and doing nothing with your own time. Four hours sitting with a textbook in your area of interest is worth more than a month's worth of twitter posts. As a corrolary, you needn't worry about falling behind in general - because of how slow things move, you'll always be able to catch up. It takes probably two orders of magnitude less effort to understand a concept than to research & come up with it in the first place.

As you develop an area of interest and talk with other practitioners, you'll naturally hear about interesting things eventually. The rest is just brain candy you wouldn't have cared about anyway.


You should question whether you really are getting valuable learning from these sources. For example, most product launches / company launches / open source project launches / arxiv research paper announcements / developer conference presentations / AI or ML demos / etc that end up on the frontpage of Hacker News are just noise / junk that gets a flare up of attention and never goes anywhere and doesn’t persist even 6 months later as a newsworthy topic or something someone needs to know to stay current.

The only thing I find unique to Hacker News is much higher quality analytical comments about politics, economics and tech industry labor issues. Almost everything else is in one ear out the other.


This is a good observation. I feel like I tell myself HN is a source of information... but it really is not. You might learn "the news" from HN, but you are not learning per-se. I would point back to another comment that reading will give you more learning. I think a fair number of us may have (temporarily) lost the ability to sit and read un-distracted. I know after about a mere 10 mins with a book in a quiet room, I get antsy.


I learned this very thoroughly one day when I came across an interesting article outside of HN. I immediately went to post it on HN only discover that not only had it already been posted, I had already upvoted it!


If you don't want to delete things, I've found using generated passwords for everything (and not using autofill) is a great way to soft-lock yourself out of things. It's kind of like freezing a credit card in a block of ice - you still have access to it, but you have more steps to rethink your actions


I know this will be ironic as I'm posting...but I'm trying to post less on HN/FB/Reddit. I find myself spending time replying, checking karma or upvotes etc...I get emotionally attached if people like it, or dislike it. I can spend 5 minutes reading an article and multiples of that following up...It becomes a diminishing point of return.

If I do post on Reddit I'll disable inbox replies and just check once a day or something for any replies.

Edit: Also since HN doesn't have a 'disable inbox' type (that I know of?), 75% of the time I'm not logged in. I'll log in if I really have a comment and then log back out.


I don't use reddit, twitter, facebook or instagram, but HN is super important for me. It makes me more efficient because it gives me the knowledge of the community.

HN gives me a treasure of information in so many areas I have found invaluable when I need it.

Just use something like Zotero so when you see something interesting, you just give a quick look at it, and save it without spending a significant amount of time.

And also learn to manage yourself. Without it you will not need facebook to waste your time, you will fantasy dream while looking at the window or staring against the wall.


HN and Reddit are the places I read. Reddit is easy if you configure your homepage to stuff you like. JUST DON'T READ THE COMMENTS, and you have a curated list of things to read and catch up on. Much like twitter, facebook, youtube comments, etc most comment sections are a dumpster fire of recycled ideas, tribalism, and infighting.


But how is the stock market doing in this alternate universe?


don't forget: quit TV and Video Games.


the trick isn't to give up and quit, but to embrace it and build an audience.


Bicycles.

Man on a bicycle can go three or four times faster than the pedestrian, but uses five times less energy in the process. He carries one gram of his weight over a kilometer of flat road at an expense of only 0.15 calories. The bicycle is the perfect transducer to match man’s metabolic energy to the impedance of locomotion. Equipped with this tool, man outstrips the efficiency of not only all machines but all other animals as well."

http://www.bikeboom.info/efficiency/


One of my force-multipliers is the Inmotion V5F monowheel [1]

This is among my favorite devices of all time. It is quick, nimble, and lightweight. It has completely replaced walking, a car or a bicycle for my local trips. While there is a learning curve, unlike a bicycle, it has required almost [2] no maintenance in ~4000 miles of riding, and both hands are free to hold things so I can carry much more than I ever could on a bike. I've transported a desk, groceries, a 50 lb box of firewood, gardening tools, and so on. Plus, riding one is just plain FUN: it feels like skiing or flying. You really have to try it to know.

A pessimistic estimate of the V5F monowheel's efficiency:

* Battery = 320 Wh = 275335 calories

* Weight = 12 kg for the device, so with a rider around 95kg

* Range = 20 km on the low end (25-30 km is typical, manufacturer claims 38±3 km)

Efficiency = 275335 calories / 95000g / 20km = 0.14 calories/g/km

An optimistic estimate given my actual riding experience:

Efficiency = 275335 calories / 91175g / 30km = 0.10 calories/g/km

[1] https://www.myinmotion.com/products/solowheel-glide-2

[2] It still works just fine despite me beating the hell out of it, but the battery has worn down to ~70%


I recently purchased a V10 (25mph max speed) for NYC. It is indeed amazing, but I don't think its accessible to most. You have to have protection gear which can be a nuisance, perhaps after you get confident you can wear less while being conservative in riding. But in general it's not nearly as safe as a bicycle.


Aren't monowheels very nasty when you fall? If it gets stuck you will just flop at high speeds.


Why would you get stuck, though? I'd assume that you can jump off. The high speeds part is risky, but if you don't go fast (15-20km) I assume you should be ok?


Also, they probably aren't even legal to ride.


This fact is the inspiration behind Steve Jobs' idea that computers are bicycles for the mind.


Not that it's a competition, but this is the best answer so far— literally quantifying the force multiplication of bicycles.


"one gram of his weight over a kilometer of flat road at an expense of only 0.15 calories"? That can't be true. I weigh 70Kg, and I'm pretty sure I don't expend 10,000 calories riding a bike for a Km.


The calories we tend to think of aren't the same as the calories that we think we know. In regards to energy intake and eating food, a calorie is actually a kilocalorie. So your 10,000 calories to ride a kilometer is actually 10 kcal.


Unless they meant literally a calorie, not the more common large calorie or kilocalorie. In which case they'd be claiming that 1km ride burned ~10 calories, which is at least at the right order of magnitude. I weigh 73k, and according to my watch I burned 136 calories riding my bike for 6.4km yesterday, for an energy usage of 0.29 calories (not kilocalories) per gram-kilometer.


Calorie is a frustrating unit. When talking about food or exercise, usually we use the kilocalorie but just call it a calorie. I assume the previous poster was using the small calorie. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie.

So, that seems low to me. I would expect you to burn more than 10 kcal, but it seems the right order of magnitude at least.


> man outstrips the efficiency of not only all machines but all other animals as well

I wonder whether this will still hold true when the costs of building and maintaining

    1. a bike 
    2. a flat road to ride the bike on
is not ignored.


Even better, electric bicycles.

Take all the transportation conveniences a regular bike can without getting sweaty.



Iteration speed is magic. The faster I can write and deploy code the more motivated and energized I am to do more of it. Compile time, local source control, one-click deployment, phased rollout, monitoring, solid roll-back story, anything that gives you confidence to just roll it out. It's magic, I'm telling you.

Static typing. It's like having a secretary who is doing all the writing, and you only have to think big things. It's a relief.

Higher-level abstractions such as query languages (SQL, LINQ) or markup languages (eh...). Forest for the trees etc. Also DSLs (consult someone with experience first - far too easy to get bogged down).

The most productive way to write software is to borrow something already written. Don't hesitate to buy components from professionals - you're paying for better support, longevity, and less version churn.


> Static typing. It's like having a secretary who is doing all the writing, and you only have to think big things. It's a relief.

Funny. I see this as exactly the opposite.

To me static typing is a bureaucratic delay where you have to tell the computer what it already knows (but thank the deities for "auto" or the walrus operator in Go) and dynamic typing as the computer just doing what you tell it to do without bothering me with trivialities.

Yeah, maybe static typing makes the IDEs smart, but I dislike IDEs being "smarter" than compilers, I mean, the compiler should be the smartest one. If your IDE knows x is an int, why can't the compiler know?


Maybe the computer can infer the types after you've written a correct program, but if you write down the types up front before you start the implementation, the computer will hold your hand while you implement.

It sounds like you haven't used something Hindley-Milner based - I'd recommend giving it a go, so that you can feel what it's like. Much as Typescript gives you incremental typing over JS, so too does type inference give you incremental static specification of the types over the fully inferred program. When you don't need to write down the types, the inference engine gets out of your way; when you want to use the types to constrain the possible programs you could be writing, the inference engine puts up the guardrails to stop you making mistakes.


> if you write down the types up front before you start the implementation, the computer will hold your hand while you implement.

This is exactly it. Thank you.


Iteration speed is momentum. Waiting multiple minutes for code to compile or an environment to boot up kills the momentum, and it takes time to recollect the 7 +/- 2 things I was holding in my brain.


> The faster I can write and deploy code the more motivated and energized I am to do more of it. Compile time, local source control, one-click deployment

The best programmers I have worked with always pay attention to this. They quickly address any barriers in the way of an easy and simple build.


Static typing — yet higher lever abstractions that you mention (like SQL or markup languages) are dynamically typed.


This is something I'm very curious about! There's a strong meme that SQL is dynamically typed, but it is very much static. ("Compile time" is "prepare time", so it feels dynamic compared to host program compilation, but the vast majority of problems are caught before query execution, and with widespread, better tooling, could be caught at host program compile time too.)

Do you call it dynamic because of the delay in getting error feedback, because the RDBMS you use is genuinely loosey-goosey with types, or for another reason?


A good question. I think I consider “prepare time” not “compile time”, but “run time”, because it happens not at my will on my dev machine, but on demand on client’s machine or production server, and all the types will be inferred only when the program is run.


I suppose if you had good unit test coverage that would mitigate your particular problem, shifting the errors from production to your dev box. Not a solution to the static typing problem, of course.

For my part I use LINQ2SQL and the whole thing becomes statically typed.


Habits. Pretty much all of the comments here boil down to habits.

Sleep, diet, exercise, attention, focus, productivity, knowledge, workflow, socializing -- anything we do repeatedly is a habit. Right now, in each and every moment, we are all the average/sum of the daily habits of the past few years.

So, the "level" we achieve in each domain is a lagging indicator of our habits; fat stores up over time, dirty dishes stack up, lack of knowledge is the result of lack of learning habits, etc.

If you make weekly improvements to your habits, that means small changes are sticking each week. While 1% better doesn't seem to matter much in the short run, if you stack 1% every week, in one year you're now 50% better in your routines.

How to do so? Here are some ideas:

-Make the bad habits harder to do. Keep the snacks, games, distractions out of reach, so you have to expend extra effort to get to them. You want high-effort barriers to beginning bad habits.

-Make good habits easier to do. Prepare yourself for workouts in advance. Commit yourself to things that will be helpful. use daily streaks, motivation, positive thinking, and imagination to encourage your good habits.

For more information, check out James Clear + Sam Harris' conversation on the Making Sense podcast (or the Waking Up app).


This is an amazing piece of advice. At the risk of sounding cliche, I would still like to recommend The Power of Habit by Charles Duhigg. The basic premise of the book is this: The Habit loop is a neurological pattern that governs any habit. It consists of three elements: a cue, a routine, and a reward. Understanding these components can help in understanding how to change bad habits or form good ones.


Alternately, I found Tiny Habits by BJ Fogg to be more actionable and was able to stick a number of new habits using the recommendations from the book.


Glad you mentioned about this, I was unaware. You seem to have read both, how exactly have you been benefited from Tiny Habits?


https://www.tinyhabits.com/join

Try this for 5 days, it'll give you everything that the book gives you and it is very low commitment.

Also, if you find that it works, you can move on to the book.


What new habits have you picked up? I've picked up a few handy ones, but I am running out of ideas, and some were very 'fragile' in that a shift in routine (e.g. a vacation) completely broke the new habit.


How you speak. It's something that almost all of us have to do everyday for work and our personal lives and how you speak has a huge effect on how your message is perceived, and each of these interactions over time shapes your relationships.

Since many of us are taking online calls now, this is a great time to record your side to hear how you really sound like. You may be quite surprised - it's not just that your voice sounds different, how often you use filler words, repeat yourself, ramble and the tone that you used can be quite different than what you thought it was. From there, you can identify your weak points, practice (speak on your own and record it) and improve.


I've been making some YouTube videos, and editing the automatic cc makes very clear how many um's, and stutters I have. It is a bad habit I have gotten myself into. Shocking.


What are effective ways to improve on this aspect?


I would recommend recording yourself speaking.

I'm currently between roles (COVID layoffs), and I got feedback on my webcam interview demeanor and speaking style.

My approach for this was to practice my answers to common interview questions out loud while recording myself with Photobooth and then watching the recordings.

There are a couple of dimensions in which I've found this helpful:

   * Sheer number of reps. These help me get more comfortable with telling my career story up until this point, and I've found that my comfort has a direct impact on my interviewer's comfort
   * I spot tics and habits that I wouldn't have otherwise. I noticed that I had a tendency to start my answers with "so, uhhh...". In some cases simply realizing the presence of a tic/habit was enough to get rid of it
   * The recordings reduce the channels from 2 (output + input) to just 1: this helps me analyze what I'm saying and how I'm saying it without having to also think about what I'm going to say
   * Recordings also provide a historic record that I can look back on and see improvement, which helps keep me motivated when the job hunt gets me sad
As a note, if you're anything like me you'll probably hate the sound of your voice. The thing that clicked for me was realizing that this is just the voice that everybody else hears and my friends & family love, and so there's nothing to be ashamed of


1. Talk to people who don't dominate the conversation. Talking to conversation dominators is anti-practice: you're practicing how not to finish your thoughts and express yourself fully.

2. Read smarter material.

3. Write more and edit your writing more than you normally would. That will force you to think about where you can improve your verbal expression.


> 1. Talk to people who don't dominate the conversation. Talking to conversation dominators is anti-practice: you're practicing how not to finish your thoughts and express yourself fully.

I guess the opposite is true if you're the one dominating conversations :-)


your comment and its parent reminded me of this:

https://sambleckley.com/writing/church-of-interruption.html


Having 2 (or more) completely unrelated skills provide a shitload of advantage to yourself. The intersection of those skills helps a lot. I run 2 businesses, software and a property renovation business. Local independent trademen are for the most part great at the actually doing the job, plumbing, electrics, tiling, fitting, joinery, etc. What they suck at is running the business, finances, marketing, customer service, reliability and anything to do with computers.

I can use my tech skills to MASSIVELY enhance the trades side of the business. While i can do enough of the trades myself to cover my employees sick days, emergencies, etc, i dont do it day to day. I run the business and make sure i'm using my primary tech skills to grow us. Its working well so far.


I really want to get into property renovations. I currently have one rental property mortgage fully paid (I was lucky I pretty much inherited it). I work as a software developer but I'm really starting to hate it. I pretty much grew up on building sites as my dad was a property developer. Unfortunately I didn't take an interest in the business and he's dead now so I've just been reading a few books on getting in to it. Would you mind telling me roughly how you started your business?


While I have invested in property and renovated it (1 rented out flat and my own home) my current work for the business is primarily bathroom and kitchen renovations for homeowners. This is primarily to bring in a more stable cashflow that will be used for purchasing more property long term.

When we started we did anything, painting, small handyman jobs, fences, carpets, gardening, etc. But I ended up just concentrating on kitchens and bathrooms, as they are generally the most investment worthy home improvements a homeowner will want, which means larger profit per job and also they're more room to take away a homeowners problems. Typically if they project managed it themselves, they'd need to bring in a large list of separate trades. Labourers for demolition, plumbers, electricians, joiners, tilers, cabinet fitters, flooring fitters, decorators etc.

The people i hire, with backup from myself, can do everything the job needs, which means they only need 1 company to do it. We have a wonderful woman in the office that does all the customer service, we take away all the old crap we've removed, we help them pick the new bathroom suites and kitchens they want, etc. Its a full service. I think in America, the term for this is General Contractor, over here in the UK, its not typically used.

My advice for you, if you're starting from scratch, is to get some DIY skills to begin with, start with your own home. Try things, Youtube is the second best tool for learning anything in my opinion, only surpassed by actually doing it. If at all possible, whatever you are trying for the first time or are unsure of, try it, then pay a professional to inspect your work AS your doing it and sign it off at the end. Get them in before you start too. Any tradesperson that wont do give you advice that you're willing to pay for isnt worth knowing IMO. The ones that are, are the ones you hire when you do bigger projects that you need help on. Plus anyone that can explain their own job to an outsider, generally is pretty good at what they do.

I'd be able to give you more specific advice with more information, happy to answer any questions.


Thanks for this. I'm in the UK too. One of the things I was thinking of doing is buying a flat that needs work then selling it on or converting to buy to let mortgage. Ive heard getting three under your belt like this is a good time go full time on it. My problem is I'm in a full time job and I've got a one year old. I'd really like to use property as a way to become self employed and get out of corporate world.

What does your software business do (if you dont mind telling me!)

Also what's your profit margin on say a bathroom or a kitchen?


Shoot me an email, its in my profile.


I have a totally quite unrelated skills and degrees. I don't think I'll be able to combine all of them.


You'd be surprised, i'm not saying you definitely will but even if you cant, the perspective that comes from having another skill often provides an extremely valuable point of view.

There are people out there that provide a very specific service cutting kitchen worktops, explanation here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ux3EZhhYdZo

Its typically done with a jig and a router, its not that hard IMO, but a lot of kitchen fitters either cant do it well or hate doing it and they hire someone to do this (as well as other things like sink cut outs) and they get paid DAMN GOOD money to do that, especially if you can show up at a new housing development where you can bash out 30-100 homes as one job.

Personally, while i have no experience with CNC's, i know what they are and how they work and i reckon theres a way to make this job more efficient by having a CNC machine in the back of a van that can be setup to cut these joints. I've not tried this idea, but i may do it one day.

This is the kind of different persepective you can have from completely different skillsets and experiences that people who do the same thing day in day out for years just dont arrive at.


Have a look at the Shaper Origin. I’ve not used it myself (and it’s not cheap) but its handheld nature may suit your use case even better than a traditional CNC in a van.


List them here and I am sure you will get some idea feedback.


My degrees in the past: Industrial Engineering (I didn't use it at all, so forget about this I guess), Master of Divinity in Theology (still occasionally use this by reading theological/philosophy books), Master in Comp.Sci (I work as SWE).

For hobbies: I do Karate, I do aquascaping, and play guitar (acoustic, electric, bass) and sing (mostly church related weekend gigs).

For languages: Indonesian, English, Japanese (still not proficient but I can get by, Kanji reading is still working on it).

Not sure how I combined all of those. Totally unrelated lol.


Learning in public I think [1]. That is asking things on social media, starting a blog or even better, digital garden [2]. Removing all kinds of friction between sharing, creating and learning.

That assumes the essentials of proper sleep, nutrition and basic fitness are taken care of [3]. Aside from this meta 'help' stuff, the one tool that was a 100x force multiplier for me is Karabiner [4]. Share it on HN all the time but no one uses it. :|

1: https://www.swyx.io/writing/learn-in-public/

2: https://joelhooks.com/digital-garden

3: https://wiki.nikitavoloboev.xyz/health

4: https://wiki.nikitavoloboev.xyz/macos/macos-apps/karabiner


FYI, AutoHotKey on Windows is a much better (my opinion) version of Karabiner, with it's own programming language. It's quite amazing what you can accomplish with AHK: it goes well beyond key mapping to process control, building quick utilities or quick mini GUI applications, compiling those into executables that you can share, etc;

See https://www.dcmembers.com/skrommel/downloads/ or https://www.autohotkey.com/docs/scripts/ for a larger collection.

For example, I would have never thought of AltEdge ("Sends Alt-Tab when the mouse is on the left edge of the screen and keeps cycling through the windows") or Barnacle ("A programmable toolbar that fits inside any window") or MonitOff ("Turns off the monitor at user defined idle times during the day") but it took 10 seconds to download the executable and try out one of these (AltEdge).

https://www.dcmembers.com/skrommel/download/altedge/

For me, Windows' programmability, especially AutoHotKey, has been a major reason to find Mac OS rather unattractive. Over the years, AutoHotKey has solved several minor-but-daily annoyances for me.


On OS X, you're looking for Hammerspoon.

It uses Lua for its scripting engine.

Not sure there's quite an equivalent for the executable feature, but it does support publishing and installing modules written by users, which are called 'spoons', IIRC.


> compiling those into executables

Ha, never knew you could do that. Pretty cool.


"C:/Program Files/AutoHotkey/Compiler/Ahk2Exe.exe" /in Cleaner.ahk /out Cleaner.exe /icon Cleaner.ico

That's it :-)


The one thing I have against learning in public is that it often seems like pandering to the lowest common denominator with generic learnings/advice.

I think the people who are inclined to be constantly learning are probably less inclined to focus on broadcasting their life to others.

That's not to say that there aren't people who learn in public and create valuable content in the process, they just seem rare.


I started doing this a couple of months ago[1], and the fact that my notes are public acts as something of a forcing function; I’ve found that I engage with technical content a lot better this way. I consider myself the primary consumer of these notes (I’m not looking to provide learnings/advice in particular), but making them public has been a step in the right direction for me.

[1]: https://timothyandrew.net/learning


Hey just wanted to say, after reading some of your posts, your subject matter is exactly the things I'm trying to learn, so I much appreciate your writing. I will be following your progress.


It's up to the person how deep he/she wants to go in learning. The idea behind wiki/notes is that you are the main user of it. You just open it up for everyone. Right now so many notes are done privately and that's a shame.

I also hope more people make an open learning repo [1] where they test out new technology in the open. It's been a nice productivity boost for me.

1: https://github.com/lpil/learning & https://github.com/nikitavoloboev/learning as examples


> Right now so many notes are done privately and that's a shame.

I have a notes SVN repository dating back about a decade with over 600 text files. I could split them into many more files as these notes aren't "atomic" as Zettelkasten folks say.

The main barrier to release at this point is that many of these notes contain private information, or have brutally honest assessments of certain things that I don't want to be made public. If I had written them with public consumption in mind from the start then I would have done things differently.

Another problem is that the quality of many of these notes is not at a level I'd be comfortable releasing. If I had intended to release these notes in the first place I would have spent some extra time to clean them up earlier on.

My current plan is to slowly ramp up a public repository once I revamp my personal website, but as with many plans, I keep pushing that into the future.


> it often seems like pandering to the lowest common denominator with generic learnings/advice.

I have a huge problem with this and I'm not sure how to fix it. When I start researching something, I don't write about it, because I don't feel like I know enough and I don't want to repeat the same "generic advice" that many people already presented. Then, when I reach my desired level of understanding, I start writing a blog post. I start with "fundamentals" I had to grasp before I could understand the topic. Then, after 6000 words, some diagrams, and several tens of hours put in, I start writing about the topic, but at that point it's almost guaranteed I'm already interested in something else. So, obviously, I leave the previous topic to rot in the "unpublished" folder forever.

It would, thinking realistically, take someone paying me for the extra time to finish one of these posts, which would become either a really looong article, or a short book/pdf. That won't happen, because most of my enquires about how to be paid for writing something like this lay in the same "unpublished" folder... That's on top of the topics being rather peculiar (most recent example: "Using Haxe's Lua target to script my (Awesome) Window Manager" - started from quick intro to OCaml, two fixes I made to the Haxe compiler (which is written in OCaml) to get Lua target really going, quick intro to Lua and LuaJIT, plus AwesomeWM architecture and class library... at which point I stopped, and switched to the next topic: "Wiring and writing a Home Security-like system with RaspberryPis and Erlang/Elixir", which will turn into another abandoned try at a write up.)

Basically, I start writing at the point I'm pleased with the solution to a problem (eg. the state of my WM, the monitoring around the house, or most recently a working Tizen Studio for native devel on non-Ubuntu Linux), which rids me of the problem, so then I have no motivation to write about it, or its solution anymore. I could go back, change the title, and generally edit whatever I have already scribbled, but that feels like work, and at that point I'm already learning about something else entirely...

This is why this:

> I think the people who are inclined to be constantly learning are probably less inclined to focus on broadcasting their life to others.

seems plausible to me, at least. Though whether my broadcast would be more valuable to others than the "generic advice" (or more specifically, shallow posts on some tech, in "3 things you didn't know about IEx"-like style) is doubtful.


I love Karabiner, though I only remapped a couple of keys and did the rest with HammerSpoon. I think I remapped the rock cmd to backspace and caps lock to hyper. The rest was HammerSpoon.

HammerSpoon: https://www.hammerspoon.org/


Do you have any specific configs/use cases for Hammerspoon that have jumped out as super useful?

For me, the two biggest improvements were:

1. App switching (hold F then use all keys under the right hand, each key bound to launch and/or focus a particular app)

2. Window management (hold W then use right hand as arrow keys to snap windows)

Paired with a keyboard that lets you remap held keys to modifier combinations (I use Ergodox) has been great.


There is one beyond those two that has been amazingly useful : I wrote a script to type out the contents of my clipboard. That's been very useful on more than one occasion.


Could you please elaborate how exactly does Karabiner yields that kind of multiplier effect?


Every key on my keyboard is custom hyper key.

My config: https://github.com/nikitavoloboev/dotfiles/blob/master/karab...

Article to explain how to achieve this: https://medium.com/@nikitavoloboev/karabiner-god-mode-7407a5...


A work journal.

I know this one seems a bit obvious, but in the workforce, I rarely see people with them.

Work journals are not very exciting. But just writing things down really makes a difference somehow. Those boring meetings become slightly less boring when you take notes. That thing from six weeks ago doesn't slip by you as readily. That person's name on that one call isn't a mystery. Your year end report is chock full of stuff, not just a few .ppt bullet points of a few highlights.

It's pretty straightforward, and just takes about two weeks of practice to get into the habit. For the effort, it really does multiply.


Keeping a log also makes you seem more on top of things to colleagues and managers! I have a poor memory myself (at least with conversations... I seem to remember just fine where most athletes played college ball or other random useless facts!) But I have had a much easier time referencing old decisions or meetings since I've kept a journal.

My journal is a simple org notes file in emacs. I have a to do list on top and a daily log at the bottom and use search to find old info. The more I try to organize it, the harder it is to use, so I keep it linear now!


Obsidian has been the biggest help for me here. Originally I was going to set up a Wiki for work journaling, but I found it was a pain in the butt to get working nicely.. Obs worked out of the box, and supported things like Screenshot and File pasting. Yummers!


How do you organise your journal?


Personally, I try to use the Cornell note taking method [0], just with every meeting being a 'class'.

In practice, I list the name of the 'activity' (a meeting, a work session, some forms filing, etc), the people at the activity, and then note whatever it is that needs notes to be taken. To be clear, I'm not taking minutes in a meeting, just more like action items for myself, and anything really important that came up.

Like I said, it's not 'hard' stuff or very complicated, I may only have like two bullet points for an hour meeting sometimes. The habit is what matters.

[0] http://lsc.cornell.edu/study-skills/cornell-note-taking-syst...


Consistency.

Achieving ambitious goals is much easier when you break it down into weekly or daily habits.

Practicing something once per week means 52 times per year, or 520 times per decade.

Practicing something every other day becomes 182 times per year, or a massive 1,825 times in a decade.

Just imagine how your life would be different if you had 500 x 30 minute workouts over the next decade. Or 1,825 x 30 minutes of reading another book.

Putting 30 spare minutes to use once a week isn't as difficult as it sounds if you make it a priority. The results add up over time.


This.

Don't think in goals, think in consistent habits.

Don't think in weeks or months, think in years.

Most people will fail at everything that takes more than half a year to see success.

Losing weight, getting fit, learn a language, learn an instrument.


Get enough sleep every night that you wake up naturally before your alarm goes off. Drink enough water that your pee is clear. Merely not being chronically sleep deprived or dehydrated greatly improves every aspect of productivity, learning capacity, and subjective experience.

Most workflows can benefit from multiple monitors. it's a silly thing to be bottlenecked by screen area on a fancy computer when used 1080p monitors are nearly free in 2020.

Take regular walks and use that time to think. There is something about a steady walk that seems to improve problem solving, especially for more abstract/creative things.

When working, put the cell phone out of view and out of reach. It's too easy to subconsciously pick it up and start scrolling a feed before realizing focus had been broken.


> Most workflows can benefit from multiple monitors.

Maybe some people benefit from this but I’ve always found it distracting and in some cases a bit annoying. I’ve always preferred simply having multiple desktops and switching between them instantly with a keystroke which is great in most Linux DEs/WMs but a terrible experience in Windows. It’s gotten to a point where even though I have 2 displays, I just turn one off 99% of the time.


Same for me. Multiple desktops with tiled windows on a single screen has been a much better experience than the two screen setup I had in every job before.

Example for my desktops setup for web application development over the last couple of years:

1. Browser with the product I'm currently working on, nothing else

2. Shells for all sorts of small tasks like tailing a log to REPLs for quick experimentations

3. Application IDE(s)

4. SQL IDE

5. Music player

6. Communication (Mail, slack, etc.) and secondary browser for miscellaneous things

The greatest thing for me is, that what I'm currently doing is in full focus and everything else basically doesn't exist. No notifications dinging in peripheral vision or other distractions. Also it is nice, that when I switch to laptop only, the workflows are exactly the same just with more limited screen space = less tiles I can use.

If for a given tasks it is beneficial to have things side by side, it is just a couple of key strokes to re-arrange windows and or create an ad-hoc desktop until the task is finished.

Of course I could use multiple desktops and tiled windows on multiple screens, but from my experiments it added more complexity that benefits.

I would rather go for a bigger, higher quality screen than adding another.


Agreed. My major workflows involve a 28" 4K screen with a tiling window manager. The second monitor is often empty or has chat window or music player in it.


Ye that is how I use multiple monitors too. 2nd monitor has something I use like 5 minutes to the hour, like Spotify etc.


what does a 4k screen do for productivity? i get the image is clearer than 1080p but is it worth the higher spend?


Depends on how you run it. A screen is more than just "4k", or 4000 pixels wide. The amount of pixels in total spread out over the physical dimension, depending on the aspect ratio and the distance between you and the screen as well as the rendered density by the computer together make the result.

So, you could use a 27 inch 4k display at 16:9 aspect ratio (which is 3840 by 2160 pixels) in a way that gets you the native resolution which results in much more usable space but the displayed quality isn't all that great. You can run them at 2560x1440 rendering which sacrifices some pace for much improved quality. Works well when you don't sit super close to your screen. Or, if you like more space but still have a little better quality than the jagged mess that is the native resolution, you could run it at 3008x1692. Close to fully usable space but still way better in terms of quality.

The scale of your computer rendered interface and text versus the actual pixel size and density on your display gives you a balance to choose from for space vs. quality. Which one works best is a combination between physical distance to the screen and personal preference (which mostly forms based on cognitive load).


My experience, after buying a monitor for home for the first time in like a decade and getting a very nice 27" HP z27 4K: it's... fine. I think I'd need like 5 more diagonal inches before I could really fit more on it than I can on a lower-pixel-count 16:10 monitor the same size. Because of the way scaling works, what I want is everything scaled to about 1.5x, but that's computationally expensive and/or looks bad, so in practice I run at 2x anyway, so the benefits in stuff-on-screen aren't really that high. I can keep fonts set a little smaller I guess.

I kinda regret not getting 2x 1440p monitors with similar picture quality for less money.

Meanwhile it makes using Linux a giant pain in the ass, unless you go all-in on a major desktop on a major distro, and then also get lucky. Possibly I'd have a better opinion of it if I were using it with macOS rather than Win10 and Linux.

[EDIT] and OMG lacking auto-temp-control based on surrounding light has me really wishing I'd just put the monitor cash toward an iMac. Way more eye strain.


install redshift or something similar. it's basically flux


It lets you fit more stuff on the screen, legibly.


One situation where I've found it invaluable recently is Zoom standups. I like to see everyone at the same time rather than let Zoom decide who I want to look at, and our kanban board has 7 (!) columns. Of course I could just switch between these things, but you don't really notice the cognitive load that causes until it's gone (and I do use a nice tiling WM setup)


I’m saddened that so many morning standups have transitioned to video instead of quietly dying off.


We switched to asynchronous standups that just involve writing a short post stating what we did yesterday, what we are doing today and any questions/blockers we have.

Everyone seems to prefer it. They don't have to stop what they are doing at exactly 10am, and they can re-read things that are relevant and skip things that are not easily. There is also a bit more personal accountability because everyone can see what was said in previous days.


Time to dust up the deep fake and some gt-3 standard answers for the standup.


hmmm... can gpt-3 code too?


Are you saying you don’t like the format, don’t find the meetings valuable, or both?


Not GP, but my impression is a bit, that the better things are going, the more farcical stand ups can become. The status update aspect of it could be automatized from the task management tooling, people reach out for help/input as needed and don't wait for the next stand up, socialize outside of these allocated slots, etc.

With every recurring meeting no matter the frequency you have to be quite careful in my opinion and constantly re-evaluate and tweak to keep it useful most of the time, instead it being a dogmatic ritual that has to be done a specific way because somebody learned it as such from an "Agile" book, certificate, course, video.


> The status update aspect of it could be automatized from the task management tooling, people reach out for help/input as needed and don't wait for the next stand up, socialize outside of these allocated slots, etc.

People rarely understand the point of agile and, specifically, standups. Using it as a daily check in, especially as status updates, is contrary to agile's intentions. The real purpose is to make sure that people on the team frequently expose problems. If people are already doing that consistently, then standup as a practice is fairly moot.


For me standup meetings are not a part of agile. The latter is more of a minset, how you go on about things. Everything else, standups, scrum boards, epics, story points, squads, retros etc. are just tools that might or might not be useful for a team. You can be agile without them, and you can not be agile with the entire array of buzzwords.

I think there is an useful status update component to standups. Not to your boss, to have a shared view among the team what the state of the product is. But this has to be aligned with how fast to product is meaningfully changing. Some times this might indeed be daily, but otherwise it quickly becomes just noise.

Of course some managers think the product has to or can meaningfully change every day.

I agree, that if you do them you should make them about exposing problems.


Ya the only value I don’t totally discount in them is the forced socialization. It’s sorta like eating dinner together as a family. As a kid you might not want to participate but at the end of the day there is value in that cohesion. And if it’s not scheduled it’ll not happen much, or it’ll happen among cliques.


For web stuff, I find having three monitors invaluable.

One monitor for code, one for the browser (and devtools window) and a third for everything else (an API document, or a spec, a control for the music I'm streaming or a chat window etc.)

I've found the same setup works really well for any workflow that involves making a small change and immediately seeing the result.


IMO the WMs on windows and OSX sucks.

sloppy focus is way more helpful than multiple monitors. You can have your editor largely obscured by documentation (or the other way around) and still type. This is especially nice with modern UIs which seem to think wasting screen real estate with white space and ribbons is an important recent innovation.


I was the same way and ultrawide is the happy medium for me. 1.5x width lets me have 3 columns of windows instead of 2 and then I virtual desktop for more expansion.


I personally find multiple monitors to be very distracting, in fact I get headaches and dizziness when sitting with someone with 2 or more monitors. I'm so used to a single monitor that the fact the mouse cursor doesn't stop at the edge of the screen and goes on to the other one is extremely disorienting. Now, I'm sure I could get used to 2 monitors, and I'm just stuck in my ways, but for my current workflow I don't see the benefit. I'm distracted enough as it is by emails/chats.


I use a tiling window manager and often have up to 6 editor panels open at a time, spread across 3 monitors. I honestly don't know how people are productive with a single editor window.


I found myself having productivity issues while having two displays because I always have to decide which display the window should belong to.

Then I upgraded to 3 displays, it's much better. Because I have an explicit main display.

So a viable way is, even with two displays, don't try to utilize them. Put the main one in the center, and pretend the other doesn't exist. Once you really want to use the other display, instead of for the sake of utilizing them only, you'll know it.


About four or five years ago, I was finally able to swing my ultimate monitor setup. 27” 5K iMac in the center and a 27” Thunderbolt Display (2560 x 1440) on both sides. All three wall mounted so I keep all my desk space free. The side displays are angled inward by about 20 degrees. Unlike windows and Linux, which both perpetually don’t seem to care about hi-dpi displays and low-dpi displays in the same desktop, macOS seamlessly handles dragging windows across the entire workspace.

Main task in the main display, docs and other references on the left display and email/messages on the right. Works wonderfully.

I’m so used to this setup that when I go to my real job and am constrained to a single monitor I feel like I’m looking through a periscope at my work.


Touche. Me too work with 3 27" monitors mounted with arms, while in my company I work with single 24" monitor... It's painful.


> So a viable way is, even with two displays, don't try to utilize them.

I did that before switching to single display after having multiples from the first day of my career onwards. But I didn't even had to try. By the end, because of how my work and setup has evolved, the second display was switched off 99% of the time.

So when I have the choice I put the entire budget into an ever better single monitor, rather than splitting it.


I would recommend the same. I usually only put things like Slack or documentations in the off screens - it's pretty 'read only'. I also use ultrawide screens occasionally in my hometown's house. I found the problem with 3 displays is I cannot put one application span across displays or there would be a 'bar' in the center of the application. I have to put them far left or right instead of placing them in more comfort zones.

With that being said, I ended up with 3 monitors in my apartment because I bought them incrementally across 3 years(though they're the same model). And also I play video games from time to time, for most of the games, it's better to have 3 monitors instead of an ultrawide one.


Rectangle solved that problem for me, by making it very easy to move windows around.

https://rectangleapp.com/


Task View and Windows Virtual Desktops are actually quite good in Windows 10. Most people never try them.


Assigning programs/roles to certain screens helped me there. For example the left monitor is the browser, the center the editor and the right for consoles.

Though when a task only needs one screen for more than a couple of minutes to stay focused shutting off the other screens does help.


I can toggle between virtual desktops with a keystroke in Windows, too! I have mine set to CTRL-WINDOWS-arrow. Let me know what you're having trouble with and I can help you get Windows 10 set up the way you want.


You need to be able to switch directly from workspace #1 to #8 (eg.), not hitting ctrl-windows-arrow 7 times. I use AutoHotKey for this purpose.

I agree with the grandparent poster that the Windows situation is very bad compared to something like i3.


For those on macOS this can be set in system preferences -> keyboard -> shortcuts -> mission control.

I highly recommend using multiple desktops with dedicated hotkeys over alt+tab to switch between applications. Much much faster to press fn+cmd+<h, j , k, l> and immediately bring up the application you want than to tab until you find the application you are looking for.


This either works out of the box or it is something that PowerToys added (which I have installed, so I do not know for sure).

Also very useful: the windows-key shortcut overview that the PowerToys added (keep the windows-keypressed for a second or two to bring it up).


Could you give me some pointers how to setup virtual desktops and tiled windows that are completely keyboard controllable?

I only use W10 as a secondary OS and never used windows as main since XP/2000. So far never got to dig deeper into this. It seems to me that out of the box a lot of the functionality is there, but there are also a lot of related third party (often paid) tools.

What are some good combination of tools (third party, paid or not) and settings for a more keyboard centric i guess you could call it, setup of Windows? At the moment to me it feels a bit like, that I could do everything with just keyboard but I'm not meant to.


WINDOWS+arrow will tile the current window and give the opportunity to tile other windows next to it


Without weird third party stuff, it annoys me that I can’t map desktops to Ctrl-1/2/3/4 which is how I have it set up in Linux. Hopefully they eventually make all this more flexible.


The easiest way to do stuff like this is with a keyboard that supports macros.


Doesn't that interfere with app shortcuts?


I think that depends on the apps you're using. I like his chances on the desktop switching being more handy than in app combinations.


Where it’s feasible for a given task, I find nothing more productive than just switching to a Linux virtual console and running Emacs in text mode there. The complete absence of doodads gives a huge boost to my focus.


I do this as well but I can get easily disoriented by the abrupt changes in the layout. Does that happen to you at all?


>Most workflows can benefit from multiple monitors.

I used to believe this but not anymore. Way back in 2007, I spent $2500 for 2 Samsung 30" 2560x1600 monitors ($1250 each). I envisioned a massive productivity increase with scenarios such as:

- email inbox one screen with main "task" window on another screen

- video tutorial (e.g. Photoshop training) on one screen while following along on Photoshop on the main screen

- debugger on one window with the code output on another screen

Eliminating all the Alt-Tab window switching would be supposedly be gone. That was the theory. The problem is that I didn't realize that my eyes hated having these giant lightbulbs in my peripheral vision. It was uncomfortable enough that I often powered off 1 monitor which negated the point of multiple monitors. The other thing I didn't like was the extra heat 2 monitors would add to the room.

I went back to 1 monitor and Alt-Tab is minimized if the single monitor is big enough (at least 27") to have multiple windows of reasonable size. For me to go back to multiple monitors, I'd need the "wing" screens to be color e-ink panels[0] so that they don't act as bright flashlights in my peripheral vision.

I recognize the productivity benefits of multiple monitors -- especially for "dashboard" and monitoring[1] such as stock trading, devops IT corporate/cloud systems monitoring, SpaceX rocket launch monitoring, etc. Having your peripheral vision notice an abnormal activity is useful in those scenarios.

[0] https://www.google.com/search?q=e-ink+panel+&tbm=isch

[1] https://www.google.com/search?q=multiple+monitors+trading&tb...


I too don't like lots of bright windows/monitors in my peripheral vision.

On macOS, a utility called HazeOver makes working with three monitors much nicer.

https://hazeover.com/


What if you routinely want to look at multiple windows? Can you easily choose which windows are not dimmed of the many on your desktop?


You can set it up so the one active window on each monitor is not dimmed, so if you have two or three monitors you can have two or three non-dimmed windows. You can't do anything more fine-grained than that, as far as I know. You can also toggle the dimming on or off with a global hotkey.


Not exactly the same thing, but I have 3 physical monitors in Windows and when I need to go into focus-mode I sometimes use an application called MultiScreenBlank[1] to dim or blank out the screens I do not want to bother me.

[1]: http://multiscreenblank.nookkin.com/


Similar here. Also, my workstation is now a laptop with a big screen, so I can go work wherever is comfortable at the moment, without being crippled without my multiple monitor setup.

I use tiling window managers to help make this work. (Currently, xmonad on personal laptop, and trying out i3 on my work laptop to see if I can get is as productive for me as xmonad.)

When docked, the laptop's screen usually displays my first virtual desktop, which is for email, chat, misc monitoring. All the other desktops are for Web and tasks.

There are two many tools, setups, and conventions to get into here, but I'd just like to say I'm currently a fan of the approach that all I need is my laptop and Internet to do all my work.

(Well, sometimes I need other specialized hardware. But I don't need to be at my desk for the big monitors.)


Agreed but you got very large monitors. If you have regular sized monitors (~23-24") then you can arrange them in more creative ways than horizontally.

I'm using 3 monitors - the two main are right in front of me, the one on top of the other, and the 3rd is on the side, rotated vertically. I tried several arrangements and I found this one working great for me.


I like the additional monitor on its side. Terminal window plus Telegram open in that, or a code editor with web browser on the horizontal screen. Even two 24" monitors side-by-side horizontal seems like a long way to go from one side to the other, the arrangement I have now seems very natural. Multiple workspaces on my Linux desktop really help as well.


I agree with the other points, but for this:

> The other thing I didn't like was the extra heat 2 monitors would add to the room.

This has probably changed with modern monitors. I don't think I've ever felt that a non-CRT monitor was hot, but even it might have been true a long time ago, it definitely hasn't been the case since at least 2015.


I agree on the multiple displays point.

However, keep in mind that the 16:9 aspect ratio is better suited for movie watching and somehow the whole industry (except for Apple, and Dell also seems to have picked that up in its latest XPS line) uses that, even in professional settings. 16:10 is way better. 1920x1200 displays do exist and I recommend that. Used ones are a bit more expensive than used 1920x1080.

I'll forever miss the 1400x1050 display that I had on my ThinkPad T42. It was awesome for displaying content vertically (think code and/or documents).


Add to that list 3:2 displays. Surface devices have been using this ratio since Surface 3. [1] Now it's the only device that appeals to me because the ratio feels just right.

I wish there were more options for ratios in the stand-alone display market. Rumor has it, Microsoft will be creating a line of Surface displays. [2]

In my opinion 16:9 is unappealing for productive work.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Surface#Model_compar...

[2] https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/29/18117584/microsoft-surfa...


Yes indeed. I forgot about those.


Works great when you spend a lot of time in a code editor with a file navigation pane on the left fourth of the screen. Keeps the code in the center so you don't have to look to the left all day.


Yeah, i miss the days of 4:3 displays on laptops. This reminds me one of my favorite things to do with 2x 1080p monitors is orient one of them vertically. It works great for documents and code.


4:3 is underrated. I was watching Star Trek the other day and realized it is easier to focus on a square screen. I wonder if the widescreen era was driven by some technical detail in ease of manufacturing.


AFAIK the "widescreen era" of computer monitors has been driven by TV screens & TV screen marketing (non-tech and non-screen-nerd people just knew "HD" and maybe "1080p" meant "good screen"), which were driven by the desire to watch movies at close to full-frame, which I'd guess were driven by the need/desire to have a wide viewing area for seating-layout reasons. Early cinema, though, often used aspect ratios much closer to 4:3 than later films (they're actually really nice to watch on iPads), so the later, wider format must have evolved for some reason.


I guess it is easier to build cinemas with wide rather then tall screens, since the roof is just so high.

Maybe it is becouse widescreens have more inches diagonaly for the same area as 4:3 that there was a push for consumer TVs with widescreen?


Help fight my ignorance: what makes 16:10 so much better? If you sat me down in front of two different monitors I doubt I could tell the difference.


Vertical screen real estate.

Think about it: when you're writing code or working in a shell or reviewing a configuration file or working on a word document you'll probably use vertical space more than horizontal space.


Consider rotating your monitor to vertical instead. On the desktop, I always have one or both of my monitors vertical.


Can't do that on the laptop!


I'm not so sure, I recently calculated the following:

16:9

16:10

16:10.66 (almost 3:2)

16:12 (4:3)

I'm sure you can tell the difference between 16:12 (old TV) and 16:9 (widescreen).


It's a bigger difference than it sounds, because the space taken by the taskbar and window chrome are fixed. So the extra pixels go directly to your vertical scroll area.


I also like hiding the dock and the menu bar on macos.

On linux I like using a 4k display at 100%. I don't really care about window chrome, icons, etc. I care about text and mainly use a text editor, terminal and browser. They all allow me to set the text size. This way I get the best of both worlds: unobtrusive window chrome and legible text. This works great on a 24" display.


I visited a factory (kind of) a few days ago. I saw an old HP laptop (6xxx model) running Windows XP and controlling some machines. It's as wide as my laptop, the bezel not much larger and the display area definitely bigger because it was almost square. Too bad for the low screen resolution. I'd love that form factor again.


You should revisit your clear pee theory. Clear all the time means you've consumed way too much water and you're probably low on electrolytes.


The average sedentary individual is way more likely to be dehydrated. Physical exertion is going to deplete both hydration and salts, via sweat.

I am a runner and a weight lifter and a former Sergeant in the army. Dehydration is overwhelmingly more frequent than electrolyte depletion. Even when there's no physical exertion involved.


If you're eating food then you're fine. The US military tells everyone to drink water until your piss is clear. "Hydration charts"


The U.S. military does not have any uniform guidance on this. The Navy and Marine Corps official guidance is that urine should be lightly straw-colored. Hyponatremia is warned against just as strongly as dehydration.


The military has like an hour of exercise a day, no? If you are walking 10 feet to a car and driving to site in a cube all day, I don’t think you have the same hydration needs as someone physically exerting themselves.


I think the point was that if you exercise a lot, eat enough, and drink yourself to clear pee, you still get enough electrolytes. So a less strenuous plan with enough food presumably also means one gets enough electrolytes.


You'll still be low on Magnesium if you sweat and perform for 60min+ — which leads to stuff like restless legs and rather bad sleep.


> Drink enough water that your pee is clear.

A lot of doctors and health professionals will say that this is bad advice and that it encourages people to obsessively flush electrolytes and minerals out of their bodies.


You have to drink a LOT of water to reach that state or over flushing out electrolytes. Whereas, a dramatically large popular doesn’t drink enough water. So, in general, the above advice is still very valid.


I've known the "real" color is supposed to be pale straw yellow for years but I still feel best when it is clear.


> A lot of doctors

Which doctors, specifically?


Clear is not necessary. Here's a reference for you: a professor of urology in the NHS who says "If it’s yellow it’s quite concentrated, if it’s white or just white or pale then it’s fine." So, pale is fine, yellow is not. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b036v9hq


Doctors I've spoken with. Do you want their names and phone numbers or something? What are you expecting me to say here?


Some reference material would be good. Article? Research?

https://duckduckgo.com/?q=too+much+water+electrolytes

These results seem to indicate one has to drink a lot - not just enough for clear pee


I don't know what their references are or what articles they've read.

But it's not hard to find warnings:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyponatremia/...

> Drinking water is vital for your health, so make sure you drink enough fluids. But don't overdo it. Thirst and the color of your urine are usually the best indications of how much water you need. If you're not thirsty and your urine is pale yellow, you are likely getting enough water.

You see it all the time - young people drinking eight litres of water over an hour or something stupid like that during arduous physical activity because they think they should 'drink until their pee is clear', then wondering they their legs don't work anymore.


It's a meme from the HBO Trump interview.


Read the books, read the manuals.


2-3 ltrs per day of water is good. Especially in the early morning to detox. Hydration is very much mandatory for focus.


> detox

What does that even mean? If your body contained toxins that you needed to « detox », you’d be having a pretty bad day and kidney failure.

Detox is meaningless. It’s not like your body is « polluted » and and you can only clean it by « detoxing ».


Increasing flow and decreasing concentration through most filtration assemblies generally increase their effectiveness. There are some exceptions in certain active transport systems that I can think of and the kidneys certainly do some of that, but even then the system has to be operating above a certain optimal flow.

Healthy skepticism that this makes a difference in day to day human health may be warranted, but skepticism that the claim is even meaningful in the first place is not. Your body does routinely contain a lot of toxins, and it has mechanisms to clean them out. “Polluted” is not a binary yes/no attribute anywhere else in the world and it hits not binary in your body either; it gets more or less polluted as it excretes less or more waste.


Sure, if you’re dehydrated, your liver and kidneys will probably have a hard time doing their job. But drinking more water than you need, drinking magic teas or vitamins, etc does nothing more than what your liver and kidney normally do in a healthy body.

See https://duckduckgo.com/?q=detox+fallacy for more in depth explanations.


Metabolic byproducts are literally toxic, and your liver and kidneys remove them constantly. "Detox" is probably overused but your comment is wrong too.


> Get enough sleep every...

All good advice. You missed one though: get your ass into shape. You need to be doing strenuous exercise. The difference this will make in life can not be explained, it can only be experienced... just like The Matrix if you will.


YMMV. It does nothing for me (in terms of how I feel during the day or the quality of my sleep), although I do it because I enjoy sports and having better cardio and being stronger helps (and I look better).


In my experience, one set of exercise is akin to 2 cups of coffee in terms of wakefulness/alertness. I'm sensitive to caffeine. So by that I mean 2 cups of coffee as someone who's sensitive to caffeine.

Also, with 1 set of exercise you won't really start to sweat and you can do it every day.


What counts as "1 set of exercise"? I've never thought about exercising that way.


a "set" is a series of repetitions of a given exercise that is performed continuously. for example "three sets of five reps" of a given exercise would mean performing the exercise five times, resting for a moment, then performing the exercise five times, then resting, and finally performing the exercise five more times. a single set would just be doing the exercise for a given number of repetitions.


Yeah, I know of that one, of course, but it didn't seem to make sense in the context of mettamage's comment.


I'm building up my motivation for exerccise. Currently, I'm motivated enough to do one to two sets. the motivation stems from what I said above. I typically do 8 reps.

The issue with three sets is muscle soreness. I want a fully functioning body every day.


> The issue with three sets is muscle soreness

I appreciate the fact that we all can't be athletes: having said that; there was a time in my life when I would open my eyes Every Morning to blinding pain from my workouts. But now, 30 years later, the benefit (I believe partly from having been in such awesome shape and I do still workout strenuously, but not to that level) is that even at 60 years of age I still have stunning reaction times, I can still do things most 35 year olds can not and my driving is still freaking crisp!

PS: I can still do over 60 consecutive pushups and planck for 4:30 minutes. Sure somedays I'm sore as hell but fuck that old age shit... ;)


Haha, that’s an amazing external motivator!

Currently I am on a quest to like exercise for its own sake, and I am coming from a place where I strongly disliked it. I am surprised that I have found a way to like it at all.

I’ll be blogging about it in a month from now as I would be on month 3 then :)


> Haha, that’s an amazing external motivator

Cheers!


You might find (as I have) that when your body gets used to certain movement it will no longer get sore from it, even if sets are very hard and even if there are many of them. It does take some time though, good luck!


Ohh, I didn’t know that was a thing!


Does nothing compared to when? Were you previously obese?


Compared to when I was out of shape (much weaker and no cardio to speak of). But I was never obese, I was rather too thin.


Great advice! Addendum: if you feel shitty don't always presume it to be lifestyle related. Get blood tests and confirm.


Good addendum! I didn’t think anything of being tired all the time. Even though it’s silly, the jokes about adult life being tiring and all the “but first, coffee” things really made me feel like being tired was just a normal byproduct of being grown up. Nope! I was just anemic to the point the doctor was recommending blood transfusions to me, so I could get back to normal. Oh my gosh! I don’t basically army crawl from the door to the couch when I get home because I am so tired anymore.


I had sort of a similar revelation. I went from a normal American diets (eat whatever I want) to a low carb diet and my energy rebounded quite a bit. No more super grogginess in the morning or occassional heartburn. Decent energy all day long without the spikes from caffeine and carb loaded meals. The weight loss was a nice secondary benefit, but I wasn't so concerned about that.


Yep. Also simple vitamin deficiencies can cause massive energy/mood issues.


Spot on. I experienced elevated stress and only when felt lightheaded, Dr suspected B12 deficiency.


did you feel better after you fixed it?


Much much better! I have a lot more energy. There were times that I was so tired at work, I would go in the bathroom and lay my head on the toilet paper dispenser for a moment. I was just so desperate. I felt like I took Benadryl. Looking back, it’s obvious that isn’t normal behavior. But yes, now I can stay awake for a normal amount of time. Such an easy fix, but what a difference.


so what was the fix?


Iron supplements. “Flora fix liquid iron” was the best I tried. I tried pills, but they made me feel so sick. Slow release iron pills were fine though. I also try to be mindful and try to get iron from my food. Meat, spinach, dried apricots.


Watch challenging clips or lectures. I had feedback on my thesis on nonparametric Bayesian methods and started two days ago watching lectures on topology and convergence. It somehow unlocked concepts that made it much easier to grog the feedback, even though it was not directly related.


Any lectures you would suggest?


The topology one I mentioned is from Jack Nathan.

I also liked the lectures on convex optimization by Stephen Boyd a lot.

Steve Brunton on Fourier analysis.

It's all very subjective of course. Andrew Ng would be mentioned by most and I've watch the series as well, but I find that suddenly I'm intrigued by a mathematical field via some connection I didn't make before.

For example, I experiment with auto-encoders, then I read some papers on using the Wasserstein distance as a metric. Subsequently, I'm watching clips and lectures on optimal transport.

The nice thing about math is that it's so self-motivating to me. The more I learn, the more I want to know. I don't know, maybe it's a type of addiction.


Regular walks is such a big one for me. When I realised how often the solution to a problem I was trying to solve would come to me even if I just went for a ten minute walk round the block and thought about something else for a minute, I couldn’t believe I hadn’t done it before!

It’s now my default thing to do if I am struggling with a problem or just feeling slightly unfocused, even if it’s raining - I’m fortunate that my office pre-lockdown was on the ground floor, and my apartment has a large enough balcony that now I tend to pace up and down there rather than mess around locking up and going downstairs etc. I can see how having a lift to wait for etc. might make me less keen to do this all the time, but seriously, try it! (It’s good for you too :))


I think multiple monitors is not a universal thing. I can't concentrate with more than one monitor. Tiling wm works better for me. At every moment I am only focused on one thing.


Yeah, I would rather have software perform the task of switching my focus between windows than my neck.


There are definitely (at least) two schools of thought on this.

Personally, I'm in the preferring-two-monitors camp. If I can't have two, I'll have three, please. And large ones. Particularly when I'm doing web work, the convenience of having an editor with ample space to open many source files at once on a main screen, an auto-reloading browser with accompanying dev tools on one side monitor, and multiple pages of documentation on the other side is a huge win.

I know other people who are also in this camp, and others still who for similar reasons to others commenting here aren't a fan of lots of monitors. They typically have very consistent patterns in how they set up their working environments and often multiple desktops that they switch between frequently.

I suppose the conclusion is not so much "have multiple monitors" but rather "invest a bit of time and if necessary money in customising your work environment to work well for you".


I like multiple monitors when you have two of the same size and vertical resolution next to each other at the same height. Having the mouse cursor jump I find to be distracting. On a laptop I usually stick to the one "monitor".


I used two 24" monitors at work for years, and thought it was fantastic. But at home, I only have one 27" iMac, and it's more than enough... tried two for a while, and it just didn't help.


I think the 27" is in a sweet spot. Big enough to be able to display several things (2 editor columns + docs + console for example) but not too big so that it's not visible all at once.

Now if it would be possible to get a 27" 5k screen like the new imacs, that would be absolutely great. Same "actual resolution" as the older 27" but with much sharper text.


I use a 48" monitor that lets me have 4 to 8 zones pretty easily, usually the bottom two get the most attention but the top comes in handy when monitoring something or keeping up on stonks.


I'm the same. A company I worked for tried to buy me multiple large monitors of my choice, and couldn't understand how I can do front-end comfortably on a 13" MacBook Pro screen.


> Take regular walks and use that time to think. There is something about a steady walk that seems to improve problem solving, especially for more abstract/creative things.

When I’m thinking really hard about something, I _have_ to pace back and forth.

I’m not sure that walking will make me think harder, but I’m sure it can’t hurt.


> When working, put the cell phone out of view and out of reach. It's too easy to subconsciously pick it up and start scrolling a feed before realizing focus had been broken.

Do people not use social networks on their computers? It's as easy for me (easier actually) to subconsciously open HN on a computer, unless it's blocked somehow.


That struck me as odd too. I never pick up my phone when I have my computer in front of me. Everything my phone does, my computer can do better, including taking and making calls and texts via google voice.


I'd hazard to guess that most people have notifications turned on on their phones and typically not on their computer.

Take Facebook as an example. Your phone will ding on FB updates or incoming messages on Messenger, even when the phone isn't actively being used. On a computer you need to have a browser open and have Facebook opened in a tab for it to give you any notifications.

So it's easier to avoid on your desktop than on your phone.


Most of my computer time is spent on my work-issued laptop. I try to avoid anything social/personal on work machines.


this is why I ssh tunnel/VNC to my home PC. I suppose they could be key logging or screen capturing, but if they're doing that on my work laptop I don't want to be there anyway so I don't worry about it, but there is no browser history there at all.


I only social on my phone. So. Placing it by the door of my office, out of reach is effective for me.


I wish that I could. Unfortunately, it is my MFA for half a dozen services.


> Most workflows can benefit from multiple monitors. it's a silly thing to be bottlenecked by screen area on a fancy computer when used 1080p monitors are nearly free in 2020.

If this is your cup of tea, I recommend checking out VR Desktop style workflows (arguably a good way to experience "working in The Future™", with infinite screens, customizable environments, etc). Here is one for Linux that we've been working on for a few years: https://github.com/SimulaVR/Simula


Diet is another big factor. Try to eat more vegetables, less carbs and less meat. Especially mid-day. If you don't like vegetables, figure out how to cook them better.


How exactly does that help? You’re saying a low calorie, low protein, low carb diet makes you feel better? Where are you getting your energy from then?


You get more than enough energy from eating sensible, healthy food. Protein doesn't just have to come from large serves of meat!

Here is how my partner and I ate for the last five months of working from home:

* Eat more veggies and salad, more beans and legumes, some fruit.

* Eat much less bread and pasta. Cut out most sugar and fruit juice.

* Make 1/3 of your dinners vegetarian, and split the other 2/3 between chicken/turkey and fish. Eat little red meat. * Have dessert as a treat twice a week.

* Evaluate portion sizes. You probably will be perfectly happy only eating 2/3 as much for your evening meal.

* Realize that most snacking between meals is because you really want a small break from work, not because you are actually hungry.

In combination with regular running, I have never felt fitter or been in better shape.


I’d call this a “rational” diet; unfortunately, most of the diet plans I find on reputable sources are for “constrained” people (vegans, vegetarians, or people that are allergic to something). Being unconstrained, I’d assume I’d have an easier time finding a sensible diet that has all the nutrients and energy I need while being reasonably eco-friendly and wouldn’t break the bank, but that’s not my experience. Would you recommend any sources that I could use to build such a diet plan?

Why do I ask for some reputable sources? My attempt to build a plan according to my “common sense” (similar to your advice actually: dropping most of red meat, eating more legumes etc) lead to me developing hypotension and iron-deficiency; of course I can adjust the diet now I know this, but I’d rather do it the proper way this time.


"Most workflows can benefit from multiple monitors. it's a silly thing to be bottlenecked by screen area on a fancy computer when used 1080p monitors are nearly free in 2020."

No. My productivity is much better with just one monitor.


Then you’re not in the “most”. GP did not say “All workflows”


GP probably shouldn't have included it. It's hard to argue that even "most" do. Maybe "some" workflows.


same and how can so many people not be in "most"


-Most- implies for some people it won't be so. I don't think he meant it was true for everyone. Most of the engineers I know personally, and that's a lot, prefer two or more screens to work on.


Same, at least thus far. It always ends with annoyance caused by fighting over window management and task switching which hampers productivity.


I never understood why people struggle with window management, but then again, my primary setup is to use a tiling window manager where I either keep a single full screen window in a workspace or a very simple side by side split, or 1x2 split or 2x2 split as appropriate. Possibly one hovering window that I call up/hide on demand. And then I just keyboard shortcut between workspaces. For multi monitor, I dedicate some workspaces to each monitor (and occasionally move windows between then if needed, but it’s not so often). It’s easy to switch between workspaces because I dedicate them to specific tasks, eg 0 is messaging applications, 6 is my IDE, 7 is browser I use for development (dev tools open tiled beside the browser), 8 is terminals etc

More monitors just mean some workspaces are switched between by moving my head instead of switching what’s on screen. For some tasks it’s easier for others it’s not.

I do find a larger higher resolution monitor more useful than having two or three small ones, especially for my IDE where I have splits and such. I use a 34” 1440p currently but would love to go larger/higher resolution (but 4K at those sizes is out of my budget right now)


> I either keep a single full screen window

Pretty much what I do with my single screen. Probably down to being a contractor for a long time and never knowing from one day to the next if I even had a desk to sit at, never mind a monitor or two.


Since moving to Mac OS because of work I desperately miss XMonad, where workspaces and screens are separate concepts, and you can ask any screen to show any workspace and it’ll just resize appropriately.


There are tiling managers for OSX. None of them work as well as the ones for Linux but they're better than fumbling with a bunch of mousing around. Maybe try Divvy or Tiles.


Tiling window manager like i3 in multiple monitors environment is not that convenient as I thought. Most of the time I just use one monitor. Switching workspace between multiple monitors confuses me.


I still like having multiple monitors even with i3, but a single large monitor is definitely more useful to me than multiple small ones, so given the choice I would choose a larger primary monitor before choosing a second or third monitor.


That's exactly the problem I solve with multiple monitors.

I'd rather flick my eyes over to the browser window documenting function signatures, error cases, etc. than alt+tab through potentially several windows to find said docs window, then alt+tab ing back to my coding window to use said information.

But apparently some people prefer to do that, than to spam a few win+arrow key combinations, to spread their windows out for initial setup.


I suspect it has to do with number of windows required for your work. If it's a couple, I guess switching desktops/screens/windows via shortcut is equally or more efficient than separate screens.

However, if I have ~10-12 windows I regularly need to switch between (2-3 related projects in the code editor, 2 browser windows - 1 browsing/docs, 1 the actual app I'm working on, terminal, db mgmt tool, Figma, Slack, email, Calc for some of the data, file manager), a tiling manager or multiple desktop on just one physical screen make things significantly harder for me...I might be missing something obvious in how it's supposed to be used.


Sort of agree, though I'd say more important the number of monitors is resolution. I find anything less 2560x1440 results in increased cognitive load for window management.


I use workspaces with one monitor. It's sort of best of both worlds.


Getting better now but for me I am lucky if I get 2hrs sleep before a workday. I can lay in bed trying to sleep for 12 hours and it's just horrible, brain won't turn off. Pills do help,but either the dosage is too weak or strong enough to make you grogy or moody when you get up,defeating the whole purpose.


Some ideas after a LONG list of trys:

- Exercise, even if just 10min daily

- Sleep in a colder room

- Maybe is a lot of noise around you, and night is the time for your brain to work cleanly. Reduce it (I find this recently)

- Stop being worry about not get sleep. The more you worry, the less you get.

- If can, sleep when you feel it, get up when not. Not force to get sleep if you know you can't. I think this help to reset the clock. After a while things start to settle.

- Substances amplify what is wrong, maybe. I think is better to fix the macro stuff, the routine, and then maybe use something.


Thanks, I've tried a few those as well. I can't stop from worry about not being asleep once it's been a few hours of trying. I am looking into diet and any new behaviors as well. I use to br able to sleep at will.


I was in a big bad batch, but eventually it get better. Hopefully you get better too!


I have bad insomnia for many years, since childhood, with symptoms similar to what you report. I would stay away from pills. They lead to dependency, possible mood changes and shallow sleep. I have been able to get better at sleeping over the years after trying many different things. Here are a few of the things that helped me the most:

- Temperature control. I sleep with the AC set at 65, a fan and a BedJet device.

- Blue light control. I wear blue light blocking glasses at night time

- Wind down routine. I am careful not to exercise, watch exciting shows or do anything that raises my hearth rate at least an hour before bed.

- No alarm clock. I have found that when using an alarm clock I invariably get anxious about it going off.

Hope some of that helps.


I've done most of these and they all help.

What really helps is silicon earplugs (they warm up to body temperature and mold to fit, so comfortable I've forgotten to take them out until I'm half way to work) - a lot of my issues are I require silence to sleep and stay asleep and the modern world just isn't conducive to that at all.


Ah, yes, I forgot about that, I use those as well and they do help. Sometimes I also use a mask.


> Temperature control. I sleep with the AC set at 65, a fan and a BedJet device.

Do you have a thick blanket then? Or are you just covered with a thin bed sheet while the air around you is 65 degrees F (18 degrees C)? That sounds like it would be freezing.


I have 3 not so tick blankets so that I regulate the temperature further yes. For some reason I am extremely sensitive to temperature.


I'm wondering why you find it better to have a cold room but then heat the body with blankets vs. just using fewer (or no) blankets and having a higher room temperature. It's pretty interesting in any case, thanks for the answer!


1) any part of you out from under the blankets (face, perhaps) feels the coolness.

2) I can't sleep with few or no blankets anyway. I mean I could probably adjust to it over time, or if I'd hiked 20 miles that day I bet I could, but I certainly can't right now under ordinary circumstances.

I don't start to think a room's too cold for comfortable sleeping until it's under like 60F. My sleep gets worse if it's over about 68.


Have you tried changing your diet? Keto, Mediterranean, Vegan. I've known people who have all benefited by finding a diet that works for them. I personally never eat past 6:30 or before 6:30 the next morning and eat keto and my energy has rebounded a lot in the past few months. Regular sleep schedule also helps, I'm always in bed by midnight unless it's an emergency (a real one) of some sort.


Probably not the problem in your case, but in my case taking a single Magnesium/Zinc pill about an hour before bed became the 75% solution.


+1, Everyone should try ZMA first if they can't sleep. Then tryptophane or GABA or 5-HTP or melatonin.


Knowing I have to get up, that I'm likely to be disturbed early, or that I'm needed at a particular time in the morning makes falling asleep really hard. That and I find it a lot easier if I'm on my own with no-one in my space or interrupting me or chatting or asking for stuff or anything as I'm winding down and relaxing in the ~1hr before sleep. And that's before you throw in any extra actual life stress on top of fairly-normal things like having to be up at a certain time or having a partner.

... so yeah, as a married guy with kids and a job, falling asleep is hell basically every night.


Exercise has consistently been the key for me. About 6 months after I stop exercising, my sleep schedule is a total wreck. Walking briskly for 1 mile a day is enough.


Listening to a podcast that is not too exciting helps me switch my brain off. It needs to be one without a flashy ending which might wake you up. That or you can set a timer to kill it before it ends.


Have you tried mindfulness?


Or vigorous excercise - for me I have enough energy that if my body is not tired, I don't sleep.


Have you tried diphenhydramine? It helps me a lot work occasional insomnia and I never feel groggy the next day.

I also started taking 1mg melatonin an hour before I want to sleep. That works wonders for me.

https://slatestarcodex.com/2018/07/10/melatonin-much-more-th...

... and, umm, mindfulness, I guess.


I'd recommend against regularly taking anticholinergic drugs like diphenhydramine because they've been fairly clearly linked to cognitive decline in the elderly when taken regularly: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphenhydramine#Adverse_effect...

It's worth noting that many allergy meds (like diphenhydramine) are anticholinergic, but only ones which pass the blood-brain barrier are linked to cognitive decline. So newer allergy meds like cetirizine and loratadine are better.


Your link says anticholinergic use later in life has been linked to cognitive decline, not that use by young people results in cognitive decline later in life.


I linked to Wikipedia, but I originally read the abstract of a different study, which might have examined diphenhydramine specifically rather than many anticholinergic drugs. The abstract of the article cited on Wikipedia makes it clear that it's a cumulative effect, and that they studied outcomes in older adults. So I think Wikipedia describes the research incorrectly.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25879993/


For those people who feel groggy or nauseous/headachy in the morning after Melatonin, try taking 0.3mg. You might find it has the same effect with less pronounced side effects.

(I am not a doctor)


I have tested different doses quite a bit. 5mg makes me feel groggy the next day. <0.5mg seems to do morning. ~1mg seems like the sweet spot for me.


It gets old quickly.

If you are following a coding tutorial; you need to alt-tab back and forth from browser, terminal, and editor. If you an have an issue you may do it ten times before finding an issue which breaks flow.

Much better use of your time to stay focus and just glance at the second monitor. Same with research and an office suite.


drinking water till pee is clear is total nonsense. drink when thirsty.


The problem is that it's very easy to get distracted or engrossed in work and not register in your consciousness the signal of thirst.


yeah that's me, I have workrave going in the background at at my hourly reminders to get up and move, I'll grab some water and stretch my legs. Colleagues always offering coffee in the breakroom :)


Not sure about best pee color but I know for a fact that I am less hydrated because I don’t get thirsty often. I have to impose on myself to drink water otherwise I drink a glass of water a day.


There are known benefits to drinking at least 2L a day, which is hard for most people who don't make any effort to drink even when not thirsty


I can get quite dehydrated before I get thirsty. So now when I get a headache I drink a lot of water and it usually helps.


It is too late to drink when you feel thirsty.


caveat - multiple monitors are NOT ergonomic.

You really want one monitor, properly positioned forward of you. You should have a keyboard at the appropriate height with a wrist rest to support and angle your wrists (also make it warm - not cold plastic or metal). Your seating should allow you to sit up or slightly reclined. Your head should be balanced on top of your neck, you shouldn't be hunched or twisted.

laptops - well, let's just say NO laptop is osha approved.


This is assuming you're sitting in the exact same position all day long. With a laptop you don't have to assume that.


> With a laptop you don't have to assume that.

bed, right?

If you are coding in bed, well... I just don't know the ergonomics of that situation. I don't know if this requires further study or a prompt curtailment of that line of thought.


It's great. The key is to get one of those bendy-leg laptop stands. That solves all the ergonomic angle problems, keeps it from getting hot on the bed, and lets you use it a little table.


The walking bit resonates a lot. Feels therapeutic to go for a walk and let my mind wander after a day of work.


or get big widescreen monitors they are great


> Drink enough water that your pee is clear

This would give my GCSE Chemistry teacher apoplexy.

Clear is not a colour.


"is" has nothing to do with colors, e.g. pee is hot.


"clear" == "transparent" == "colorless"

If your urine stream has much color, you are dehydrated or perhaps sick:

https://media.healthdirect.org.au/images/inline/original/uri...


Clarity is to do with opacity, not colour. See also how diamonds are graded by colour and clarity.


May I ask what you hoped to accomplish here? a) the parent comment didn't ever mention colour, and b) is there any possible ambiguity - even a fleeting moment of confusion - that any reader of the parent might have experienced?


> "clear" == "transparent" == "colorless"

Pretty clearly talks about colour.

Yes, there's plenty of confusion, given "clear" is not a colour. Your urine can be perfectly clear while still being yellow.


Super powers for me include:

Pareto distributions: start with hypothesis that any attribute you are looking for in a given sample is Pareto distributed in the whole. Applies to everything. It's more than the 80:20 rule. The shape of probability distributions in general (s-curves, bathtub curves, etc) is a useful filter for a fast path.

Negotiation: I recommend starting with the classic, "getting to yes." The level of confidence you can bring to a discussion when you have a clear idea of what the outcomes look like, and to have pre-accepted them, is a form of charisma. Learning it is also good for the culture in general.


> Negotiation: I recommend starting with the classic, "getting to yes."

Could you elaborate?


Not the GP, but it's a book, 'Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In' by Roger Fisher , William L. Ury, et al.

I read it ~30 years ago, the only thing I remember is that you always want to understand your "Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement" (BATNA), e.g. knowing that you can walk away from a car dealer's deal, if you don't like the terms.


Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In https://www.amazon.ca/dp/0143118757/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_i_C2b...


I haven't read getting to yes. But I read "never split the difference" and highly recommend it (caveat the author thinks getting to yes is not the best approach).


This torque multiplier lug nut remover: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vesBDXCWrUw

All jokes aside - Learning a section of domain you interact with regularly just enough to be dangerous.

Example is, as a programmer, doing product management job for 6 months or vice versa.

Danger here is it's easy to wield that new found knowledge as a weapon for evil - such as talking down at people, when really you want to be using it to be more effective.

But thankfully, most people have seen it done well in one form or another - a product person who can speak technical and not be jerked around or an engineer who has a keen eye for product flow or growth efforts.


Might sound cheesy, but cultivating love and passion for what you do, especially targeting the tedious aspects of it.

Most people tend to assume that they have a fixed amount of energy, motivation and ability for their work, and don't realize how much these can be inflated by positive emotions.

This is where a musician finds the perseverance to do the technical exercises that get her to playing a piece. And where a budding scientist finds the patience to work through a complex topic in spite of all the overwhelming conceptual hurdles. And where a programmer gets the motivation to learn arcanes of some obscure tool.


A little plug for "Flow", by Csikszentmihalyi, which is all about this! The book is a bit self-helpy but I think it was valuable to skim.


Where does the motivation come from to learn a n-th new tool that you know will turn to useless knowledge in 2-3 years time? If one can be assures that what they learn will be useful and the utility will compound in the future, as in the musician’s exercises then I see no problem.


Hopefully, you're learning that new tool to achieve some worthwhile goal?

For example, I recently had to learn a desktop programming toolkit in Python, which I found very tedious and uninteresting. But knowing that I was doing it to help a team of engineers design a new kind of lightweight electric vehicle really drove me to put my heart in it.

Even when your project isn't aiming for such impacts, just putting (good) food on the table of your family can be a motivation I guess.


Surely, I do care about putting (good) food on the table and that seems the only motivation that keeps me doing this. But it used to be more manageable in the past and I certainly do miss those times when when you learned something new you felt empowered and almost giddy with joy. That happens less and less and I feel the dread coming down in advance when the new fad comes in and having to learn something new that isn't just better, in many cases something arguably worse and needlessly more complicated. Recently I had to develop an app in Microsoft Powerapps and while I admit to some good business uses the whole experience was an exercise in frustration. And it felt more like monkey around than programming if you know what I mean.


I know what you mean, and I feel for you.

That said, what forces you to follow fads? I've basically stopped doing it when I got started with Clojure about 6 years ago and it's been fine. It does take some convincing to use that for a project sometimes, but the feeling of empowerment has not faded, and compared to JavaScript churn the still waters of the Clojure ecosystem are quite enjoyable. My point being, fads are not necessarily a fatality.


Absolutely agree! This approach has worked for me throughout my career. There is much to gain with this approach, but to be fair, pursuing excellence involves drifting from task completion and can impact execution. Pick your passions wisely.


While I agree that you have influence over how you feel about things, I also think it's okay to quit and do something else when you are no longer interested in the subject.

This could mean a temporary break or more drastically, career altering. Many people have the power to shape their life, but they choose to keep going in one direction because of how much time they invested. Even when that direction no longer aligns with them.


Any tips on how to do that? Over the last year or so I find that I have lost passion for both my job and my side-projects. While I used to be happy working 60-80 hours a week between my job and side-projects, I now find both of them mundane and can't pull off such focus. With side-projects it probably boils down to not finding success...


It’s fine to take time off first of all.

In terms of success: I have dozens of side projects lying around, some of them educational, some practical, most unfinished.

It is completely fine, even beneficial to do so. At work you are already forced to finish and maintain stuff. Giving yourself some free, playful space balances this out.

Also in time some of those things trickle down (quasi) to your day job, or at least it has for me repeatedly. Not in the exact form I was expecting, but in tangible ways nonetheless.

There are two things that eventually keep me “on track” when I have a low phase: reminding myself that I’m a creator with ridiculous power at my fingertips is one. I keep a collection of notes with interesting and fun ideas (together with a friend). The other is more like a safety net so to speak: I seek long term financial security. This is one helps especially when I think about people close to me and how I can be strong for them.


If you can't name one important outcome for your job, maybe it's time to change jobs. OTOH, if all you lack is directing your attention to these important outcomes, I'd recommend some rituals like meditation.


How to structure your writing.

Not talking about your style, prose or grammar, but how you structure the points you want to come across. It's not just useful in the context of "business writing", it's useful whenever you want something from someone else: to take an action of any kind.

I see it every week at work where people put a presentation together at first glance seems to be coherent, but if it had been written out as a document / memo, you'd easily see the gaps in their thinking. Forcing yourself to write out full sentences (not bullet points) into paragraphs and those paragraphs having a logical connection to each other, shines a spotlight on places where your thinking is weak or there are unfounded conclusions.

Here's the good news: there's one book that will teach you this thoroughly: Barbara Minto's - "The Pyramid Principle: Logic in Writing and Thinking". Bad news: the book is out of print, since the author wants people to either buy her courses or her updated textbook which she charges $150 for (not a typo): http://www.barbaraminto.com/textbook.html

The book is insanely useful, so find a used copy of the 1987 or 2002 edition in a used bookstore.


Does anyone still read though? I feel most of what I write goes unread, but people do engage with screenshots or videos.


Two thoughts here:

1. Even if the end-medium is something else than a written document (presentation, video etc), you're still presenting your ideas from a->b->c, so the gaps are still there and aren't as apparent, but the recipients' brain still observe it.

2. If your writing goes unread, it can actually be a symptom of the lack of convincing presentation of the ideas. I spend probably 50% on the time on the introduction and it's what I write dead last. Another problem may be length: if it's too long it'll tire the reader (unless your writing is very good). Problem is that to write something compelling that is also short, is very very hard. I can bang out a 10-page document on a deadline in a day without much problem, but a 2-pager I'll have to spend much more time on.

Writing is very much a must-have, in the corporate or business environment especially.


Constantly.

I don't mind high level videos to give a 10,000ft view but for everything else the written word wins every time.

Currently re-reading A Philosophy of Software Design and just started "Grokking Algorithms" alongside the 2-3 fictional books I have on the go at any given time.


I just managed to buy the third edition from Amazon for less than $150. Thanks for the tip!


I second this suggestion. I have an older copy of the book. I have applied it to my business prose, and it has made a world of difference.


An integrated debugger. Writing code without a editor with integrated debugger is madness to me. I think a lot of people who are used to using text editor/command line, don't appreciate how effective its is to debug in something like VS/VSCode. Its also the thing people dont talk about enough when choosing languages: Does the language have rock solid debuger?


Couldn't agree more, a proper debugger is not just a glorified printf.

Where I currently work there are two of us who actually leverage the debugger everyone else is using printf() style debugging.

I can find an issue faster in a codebase I've never seen than devs who've worked on it for years but in another part - the superpower? hit a breakpoint nearby and single step through it at high speed adding stuff to the watch list then repeating it and watching the watchlist mutate.


I really liked working with xdebug in my PHP days.

But in my experience JS debuggers (outside the browser and inside the IDE) were kinda brittle, probably because of all that bundling and compilation going on.


Funnily enough in this case it's exactly xdebug I'm talking about and yes, it is a really good debugger, Derick Rethans is a hell of a programmer.


I do think this also has to do with personal preference, too.

Even when I'm working in an IDE that has great debugger support, I tend not to use it. I just prefer to put println's in a bunch of places, then run the code, and look through the log to see what happened.

I just find it easier to see a full log of the execution that I can open in Emacs and search through than to step through.

However, one thing I'd love to have is the ability to effectively capture the entire execution of a program, and be able to display it in log format, but then be able to jump into what the execution context was at the time of a particular log line and inspect things/step through what happened.


Using a text editor and command line does not mean no debuggers - it just means switching a window to get to one. vim+tmux+gdb/pdb.


Creating something. I am not a maker/creator but I have seen gazillion examples of people building/creating things that ultimately gives them an exponential push in life.

Creating can be blog posts, photographs, videos, software anything, doesn't matter as long as atleast one other benefits from it, just one.


You may find the collected set of the most popular articles from Harvard Business Review to be a treasure trove of force multipliers, various types of success mechanisms, well written compact general solutions rolled into a pithy sentences and paragraphs easily quoted. I was skeptical at first, but HBR is a surprisingly engaging read that rarely suffers from hubris or conceit, as one might expect from a publication with "Harvard" in it's name.

This is the entire collected set, but individual collections for each specialization are also available. https://store.hbr.org/product/harvard-business-review-guides...

It is shocking how fantastic this series is and how little the tech world knows about it.


Are they better than their articles ? I find the articles pretty mundane


It is the collected set of "Best Articles" - like the "Best of Reddit" they are the articles that shine like the sun.


Here are a few that I find especially helpful:

1. iOS Shortcuts - Lets you perform repeatable actions in the tap of a button. Most of us do the same thing over and over again every day. The few seconds you save not having to re-do something everyday really adds up over time. I'll give you a personal example. I've been trying to maintain a journaling habit for a while. None of the existing tools fit my need. I now have a Shortcut that creates a journal entry in Bear (https://bear.app) every afternoon for me to fill in. This simple automation helps me maintain my journaling habit because I don't have to use another journaling tool. I already use Bear for everything. Bear doesn't have an in-built journaling feature but Shortcuts lets me use it the way I want.

2. Learn keyboard shortcuts - you probably use a bunch of different software every day. Take some time to learn and get used to using keyboard shortcuts. The instant gratification you get from being able to rapidly navigate through the UI boosts your productivity.

3. Use checklists - checklists are useful for your personal and professional life. I have a Todoist project called #checklists where I store a bunch of different checklists like: start of the month, everyday checklist etc. In my everyday checklist for example, I have tasks like "Drink 3 litres of water", "Read for 30 minutes", "Workout", "Top 3 priorities for today", etc. I set these lists to repeat monthly, every day etc. (something you can do very easily in Todoist). This helps me form habits easily. A huge part of habit forming is to have someone (or some tool, like Todoist) nudge you to get started or remember to do something.


I've noticed a trend in recent years that apps don't have keyboard shortcuts anymore.

Why is this? And what can we do about it?


Someone already mentioned sleep so I’ll mention the next most powerful force multiplier: Kindness.

Kindness in your workplace and home is a huge force multiplier. Machiavelli asked is it better to feared or loved and my answer is loved 1000x over. People will do for one they love things that couldn’t be imagined for one they fear.

Furthermore it’s relatively easy to be kind. Kindness comes in many forms: remember someone’s birthday, give them a ride home, try out their app, buy something cheep from their side hustle , check their mail for them when they’re gone and water their plants, be honest about their performance at work and what they can do to improve, buy your team donuts one morning. All these are easy ways to show a little kindness.

Don’t try and take the shortcut and try to be nice or liked that’s not the same as showing kindness. It’s so easy when someone asks how they’re doing at work to brush it off and say “you’re doing fine!” all cheery but it’s another thing entirely to say “hey you’re doing good but you can improve on x and here’s the way I did it”. It doesn’t cost anything to be nice but true kindness can cost quite a bit and be uncomfortable.


Social skills. Nobody can achieve anything worthwhile completely on their own [0]. Successfully cooperating, motivating and especially inspiring people allows to achieve lots more than working on one's own, no matter how skilled one might be.

[0] Of course there are exceptions to this rule, especially in e.g. mathematics. I bet Terrence Tao can eat almost everybody's lunch in math.


I think your point applies, especially to math. These days research math is a very collaborative and social endeavor. Terry Tao would probably disagree very strongly with you: https://terrytao.wordpress.com/career-advice/does-one-have-t...

“The popular image of the lone genius ... is a charming and romantic image, but also a wildly inaccurate one, at least in the world of modern mathematics.”


Ha, thanks for letting me know :)


Print stuff.

Its like multiple monitors, except its cheaper. Like $0.05 a page. A lot of paper-style documentation is still a gross force mutiplier, even in the age of multiple monitors.

Learn to use paper tools to create booklets that are useful to you. I like 2-hole punch (2.75" US Standard) and comb binders. Spending a few minutes honing your paper documentation for your current task can make you grossly faster.


This! A printout of the Paredit reference card [1] taped near my monitor is the only way I was able to learn it.

[1] http://pub.gajendra.net/src/paredit-refcard.pdf


Genius, love it.


Stop Drinking. You can still eat like crap, and not exercise, but if you stop drinking you'll feel better. The force multiplier is that most adult have a few glasses of wine a night and Alcohol is up there with cigarettes for problems it'll cause you.

But exercising and eating well are also good to do.


Feedback. The more you seek it out, the faster you can improve. People tend to shy away from asking people to tell them ways they fall short. Don't be one of those people.

Read more here: https://gridology.substack.com/p/how-do-you-incorporate-feed...


Finding and working with mentors. Learn from their successes and mistakes.

Learn and understand a niche business or industry. Gain expertise in a knowledge or industry domain. Software is just a tool that brings a means to an end.


Finding a mentor is unbelievable. Even if it's just "taking lessons." Oddly, other autodidacts I know don't seem to get mentors, and the people with advanced educations seem to stop bothering to learn anything outside their jobs after they graduated.


how i can i find a mentor. I've always been a lone wolf, shy person.

I really want to find a mentor but not sure where to even begin.


Learn something new from someone old.

The way I have found mentors is by starting with taking lessons in a skill from people, which establishes the necessary boundaries in the relationship. If they are the best at what they do, mentoring becomes the effect of the relationship itself, since mastery above the skill is what you are learning.

Mentoring someone means sharing the right experience at the right time, which means you have to be around to do it, so it's less of a transaction than a way of relating, but it can start with the lessons/transaction based relationship.


Great question. Find someone in your skillset, hobby, industry or knowledge domain that has been doing it longer (preferably much longer) than you. Don't think because you are a lone wolf that there aren't others like you. They are out there and they would love to share with you. Also you can establish the boundaries of your mentor relationship. You can meet and set the frequency at your own choosing.


Develop an intuitive understanding of the key mental models mentioned by Charlie Munger in his classic speech given to a Harvard class 25 years ago:

"The Psychology of Human Misjudgment," by Charlie Munger

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqzcCfUglws

http://web.archive.org/web/20151004200748/http://law.indiana...

If I may paraphrase Mr. Munger, you never want to be a one-legged man in the ass-kicking contest of life.


Exercise. Your body and mind (brain) are not separate, they are one highly integrated system. The performance capability of one will impact the other.

Furthermore, getting a solid workout in the beginning or middle of the day can do wonders for clearing the mind and stimulating creativity & problem solving.


With all of this workflow advice: Favor EXPERIMENTATION over "reading threads like this and trying to analyze how they will work for you beforehand." E.g. If you've used one smallish monitor over your life and you're deciding between adding one more or one bigger one -- there is NO objective answer. To the best you can, try them both.


“The only rules that matter are the ones that matter”

Most of the rules that most people live by are bullshit and only serve to hold you back. The key is in figuring out which is which. In the extreme, many laws are not even enforced.

I’ve mad my living breaking all the “rules” and by doing everything wrong.

The pearl clutching rule followers equate rule following with ethics. They’re often wrong.


> I’ve made my living breaking all the “rules” and by doing everything wrong.

I'd like to hear more about this.


I dropped out of high school, didn't go to college, took a break from my career to serve in the Army, started a business with an empty bank account (multiple times), didn't pay my taxes until I could afford to do so, took big risks, never asked permission at clients just did what I thought was best for them (breaking all kinds of internal rules), violated contracts and non-competes, skirted the law on international movements of money and doing business with sketchy places, other things I won't mention that are technically legal but could get me in hot water if someone didn't like me, sold things I didn't have (yet), and much more.


Do people in your life like you?


IDK, I assume so, I have long close friendships and a stable happy family.

Why wouldn't they?


From your post it sounded like you might just not care about other people. I was trying to understand where you were coming from better. Part of me likes your approach but another part made me suspect you were just an A-Hole, no offense. Seems like that is not the case.


I care very much about other people. I care so much that I am infuriated by the structures around us that make a prison for those leading lives of quiet desperation


Fair enough, you sound like a cool dude.


This feels like one of those things where you're only able to do this because of those "pearl clutching rule followers". If everyone lived to break most rules, I doubt that would be a good thing.


I think most of the "rules" (especially the ones middle class people live by) are actually quite harmful.


What helped me,

•Staying in present. Philosophers called it 'optimal state of consciousness', Psychologists call it Flow, Rich kids call it as Mindfulness. What ever it's called, its just simple focus on the present and it works wonders on mental health.

•Using DND/Aeroplane mode more i.e. limiting phone calls to absolutely when needed. As a side-effect saves battery as well & good for privacy too.

•Using email over chat, improved the quality of communication & again good for privacy too.


I differentiate between "Flow" and "Mindfulness". Mindfulness can help you to achieve Flow much easier but that's more a side-effect.

IMHO:

-> Mindfulness is "constant emotional self-awareness". It's a skill that enables you to being aware of your emotions and state of mind while experiencing your day to day life. This sounds ridiculous until you realize that most people aren't aware of how emotions influence their rational decision-making. We can easily see how others become temporary irrational for emotional reasons but somehow we also try to denial that the same happens to us on a regular basis. A mindful person is in a way constantly calling theirself out in their mind (e.g. "I'm currently overenthusiastic/angry/anxious/etc. because of ...")

-> I think of "Flow" as a state of mind. It can be achieved by doing something that creates a positive feedback loop with challenges and achievements. This series of challenges can be of physical/cognitive/etc. nature but needs to be always of the right difficulty level. Too hard tasks will make you feel overwhelmed while easy tasks create boredom. Both extremes will make you lose your focus and/or motivation and that's where mindfulness can be helpful. Once you become aware of the problem, you can adjust the difficulty level by adjusting the difficulty with better goal-setting and other productivity tricks. Hit the sweet spot multiple times in a row and you achieve Flow.


Deep work time. I heard about it through an meditation app. I basically block four hours per week on my work calendar for a time when I don't take any meetings, turn off slack, email or anything else that might distracting and try to give my full attention to a problem or a project or reading a technical paper etc. This has helped me improve my knowledge over time and has improved my ability to focus on a problem for a limited amount of time.


Margin of error. In financial matters, this can be savings or a relative lack of leverage. In planning, this can be extra time for unforeseen circumstances. In construction of buildings or software, it is that little over-engineering that saves you when people do unexpected things with what you built.

The general principle is never to go all out and gain the maximum efficiency, for then you lose the slack you will need when something unexpected inevitably happens. Even the best can so easily lose themselves in competitions where their desire to win drives them to take unwise risks and forego a reasonable margin of error. This is not so much a force multiplier that people don't know about, but more one that they disregard because it never seems important until you need it.


2nd degree contacts in social network. You don't realise how many influential people you are weakly connected by 2nd or 3rd degree. Harnessing this network for mentors, benefactors, investors advisors is hardly done.

Secondly, breathing.. everybody breathes , very few people learn how to use breath control to direct attention, calmness, clarity of thought,

Lastly, mindfulness, when we eat, indulge in binge gaming sessions, basically when we give way to our immediate gratification instead of being in the present and doing the right thing.

Doing many small things right compounds.


> Secondly, breathing.. everybody breathes , very few people learn how to use breath control to direct attention, calmness, clarity of thought,

Are there any good resources online for learning this?



Learn to communicate efficiently and directly in writing.

I personally like McCaskill's handbook from NASA Langley because it's focused on practical matters:

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19900017394/downloads/19...

"Effective writing involves far more than following rules of grammar. There is a craft to creating phrases, sentences, and paragraphs that ensure communication."


Prompt and heartfelt attribution of contributions + thanks/praise that helped you get your work done in public or to the donor's manager. Tacit feedback to the person in private as necessary.

Even as the greatest developer, in most settings you have to work with people. You can get very little done all alone nowadays - The basics of making people feel appreciated takes you really far.

I am not very socially adept - so this was a revelation for me when I stumbled on it after years of 'reward for good work is more work' philosophy.


Giving away material things, especially directly to a person. Our local FB BuyNothing group is excellent, and the sole remaining reason for my FB account. The receiver is happy, I’m happy at the time of giving, and my house (and the world’s) environment is better with less crap in it.


Asking questions when you don't know what's going on. If you are willing to "look dumb" you will end up saving yourself hours struggling to understand something when you are lacking key information / context that a simple question/answer would provide.


Passive income.

The problem is, most easily accessible passive income sources aren't enough to live from, so people don't start investing time/money into them.

But multiple of them can add up over the years.


What are some good, low risk examples of this?


Publish an online course on an online education platform.


Any tips to get started?


Write a book, create online courses.

Publish on Skillshare, Educative, Gumroad, etc.


Any examples to share?


If you publish a course on Skillshare, Educative, or a book on Gumroad, you probably won't make $1000 a month. But you will earn more and more every time you create more.


Exercising regularly and eating/drinking clean


YAGNI. This is not so much as a force multiplier but as greasing the wheels, and I see it all the time

Shipping and revenue should be your goal. Sure, aim for a polished product, but don't waste time with things that don't further your goal (unless it's a security/correctness/legal issue, sure)

- You don't need to rewrite your frontend in the latest .js library just because. Ship first, think about rewriting later

- You don't need to apply those 5% micro-optimizations if your site is working fine (at least not before shipping)

- You don't need your resources in a global redundant CDN right off the bat. Use existing CDNs (for .js for example)

- The thing that will break is not how you initially thought it would go. Avoid premature optimization unless it's really obvious (example: front page optimizations).

You might not even need code at first. MVP your thing.


YAGNI is such a powerful philosophy that I think within reason you should look at it as a hypothesis to disprove on every new thing that you work on.

It's really difficult advice to follow because, very often, the thing you don't need is actually quite fun to work on. You start out wanting to work on it, so the hypothesis becomes flipped: "why shouldn't I build this", or, "If I can build this, I should".

Focusing on the category of things that fall under 'optimizations', the key here is that the problems they solve are not the problems you have when you launch something, and you will only have them at all if your thing is a significant success. They're nice problems to have. I wrote a short blog post on this theme recently: https://davnicwil.com/if-its-a-nice-problem-to-have-dont-sol...


You only have time to read 300-3,000 books in your life. Pick wisely.


As a tangent, I find audiobooks offer a great multiplier to the number of books I can read. I'd say I get maybe 80% as much out of a book I listen to versus reading it in print, but I end up reading 3-4x as many books because I can listen while I bike to work, drive to errands, etc.

They also force me to stay focused while I'm listening, versus how my mind tends to wander while I'm reading a print book (where I realize I've been on the same page for five minutes).


For fiction, I get more out of audiobooks than print. There's something about hearing a story, especially from a good narrator, that just sticks in my mind and affects me more.

For non fiction, I'd probably agree with your 80% number. I generally prefer print in those cases, where I can easily highlight important sections and take notes.


Can you show your work for how you arrived at this range of values?


Not OP. But suppose you read books from when you are 10 until you are 70. How many books a year? For me, 5-10. Now multiply.


That doesn't seem to be a matter of "not enough time" but "not going to read many books."


Well, everybody is different but I have a stack of to-be-read that I just never get time for. (Almost done How I Wish I'd Taught Maths and next is A Nation of Deadbeats.)


Agree, I can do several books a week if I'm motivated and they're excellent enough to keep me engaged.


Investing in promising people that are new to the industry - the easiest way to do this is through Twitter. I've found some amazing new developers which have great mindsets that I knew would do well in their careers, which I've capitalized on by following them early on and having regular chats with them about what they're working on, etc.

It allows you to maintain leverage in your field because once they're successful, you both already have a relationship and it becomes a lot easier to network and strike deals.

It has a huge upside with almost no risk - all it takes is a Twitter follow.


Could you share a few twitter accounts if you don't mind?


Programming itself.

That click of understanding the basics and being able to develop problem-fitted solutions although not perfect/professional is a game changers for most of the people. Specially people with jobs outside IT.


In particular programming without writing code in a proper programming language. Knowing how to use Tasker (Android), or AutoHotkey (Windows) or Excel to automate the things you need.

Like in manufacturing, the leverage of technology comes mainly from automating and scaling the repetitive. It's a shame most tools aimed at regular computer users de-emphasize, or fail to recognize entirely, the concept of batch processing.


> It's a shame most tools aimed at regular computer users de-emphasize, or fail to recognize entirely, the concept of batch processing.

I don't see it this way at all.

- In MS Word, OSX TextEdit, and most other editors/word processors, search and replace is front and center. Heck, search itself (both within local files and search engines) is the ultimate example of automating and scaling the repetitive, and it's everywhere.

- In OS X Finder, you can batch-rename files by highlighting them, right-clicking, and clicking "Rename [N] Files..."

- Mail merging has been a thing in MS Word and other processors for a long time.

- In Excel, all kinds of repetitive, menial tasks are immediately discoverable to even a complete beginner: highlight more than one numeric cell and the status bar instantly displays the average, count, and sum. Conditional formatting, number formatting, sorting, filtering, and all kinds of data-reshaping tasks are baked into the UI.


> In MS Word, OSX TextEdit, and most other editors/word processors, search and replace is front and center.

What about batch S&R in multiple files? What about S&R by regular expressions? What about both? There are entire dimensions of basic automation that aren't covered, except in editors used by programmers.

> In OS X Finder, you can batch-rename files by highlighting them, right-clicking, and clicking "Rename [N] Files..."

Didn't know that. I have only seen "batch rename" in Windows Explorer, and it's pretty basic (and not even advertised - whether you select one or multiple files, the option is always called just "Rename"). So if you want to turn "foo.exe" and "foo.dll" into "bar.exe" and "bar.dll", that'll work. If you want to turn a bunch of files into "foo1", "foo2", "foo3", I'm not sure if you can do that.

> In Excel, all kinds of repetitive, menial tasks are immediately discoverable to even a complete beginner

Agreed. On top of that, working with Excel is essentially programming (FRP at that), just not advertised as such. Altogether, this makes Excel one of the best pieces of software written in the history of mankind. But it's an exception that proves the rule.


Hacker Newsletter. The best* of Hacker News, delivered once a week. Each newsletter contains a few useful articles that have helped me in work and life.

* not sure how they figure out “best” but the articles are general good.


Learn how money works. This means learning how to save money effectively, how much to save, when it’s appropriate to spend and when you’re better off either waiting, borrowing, or going without.


Write down your tasks and ideas. Find a method which works and stick to it. Not forgetting things is the side benefit; the primary benefit is not worrying about forgetting things.


Car safety features that make driving way less stressful and less dangerous. Example any advanced cruise control / auto pilot system.

bash or any substitute.

Knowledge of a scripting language and general idea of what libraries are available for use.

Relationships with non-toxic people.

Ability to defer rewards and pleasure sometimes if needed to achieve goals on a different time scale.

Getting clues early by learning from the mistakes of others. Making your own mistakes leads to strong learning but sometimes the cost is very high and a lot of time is lost.


Hiring help for things that you can't or won't do but needs to be done. Other people helping you with tasks is the biggest force-multipliers human society has known.


Worm gears, centrifugal transmissions, bridge rectifiers, ...


Didn’t know what worm gears are until I saw this the other day https://youtu.be/oHg5SJYRHA0



Might be a little clichéd but I'd say a simple for-loop is super powerful and can cut down the time spent processing a dataset by a large multiple. I'd go as far as to say recursion too but then that might also be a little clichéd so I'll say that a simple for-loop is super powerful and can cut down the time spent processing a dataset by a large multiple. I'd go as far as to say recursion too but then...


Tune your push notifications for need-to-know information. This directly influences how many times I pick up my phone (usually needlessly) and get distracted. You can disable push on most apps that just use it for marketing or to get your attention into their app daily. Ecom and news apps are the worst offenders.


I found that when I started to write about a module in LibreOffice I started to understand it much better.

For instance, I’m currently trying to understand how UNO works, I have a chapter I’m writing:

https://chris-sherlock.gitbook.io/inside-libreoffice/univers...

The other thing - very programming specific - is to understand a long confusing function I found extracting if, while and for constructs to their own functions with decent names suddenly explained what was going on far more clearly.


Quit caffeine from time to time. Then it’s way more effective when you need it.


I drink coffee less than once a month... All I get is anxiety instead of any effectiveness


1) Take a deep breath 2) Hold for 4-5 seconds 3) Exhale slowly 4) Repeat


Traditional troubleshooting techniques that seem obvious, like "half split" or "rubber ducking", are often not used.

Teaching some of these can dramatically reduce downtime.


Wasn't familiar with the terminology, but looking it up I've called the split half technique binary searching because of its similarity to that algorithm from computer science.


Ah, yes. The "split half" is the common term for troubleshooting electronics, and as you say, similar to a binary search.


Touch typing.


I have tried to learn a few time, but I am so much faster without touch typing. Especially with an IDE where it auto suggests the rest of the word.


Tab doesn't dissappear from the keyboard, just because you touch type - so it's not really one or the other. If anything - being able to look at the screen, not the keyboard makes auto completion work better?


> All software is a force multiplier, but some tools, like Zapier/IFTTT are in a class of their own.

I have been looking through both sites but could not find one actual force multiplier for my life or work, even though I would love to automate workflows. Would you have suggestions for someone doing a PhD project and communicates with a few colleagues and the occasional student?


Write down what you plan to do each morning and why you’re doing it.

To create any sort of impact it takes effort. Effort is your input, and impact is output.

Prioritize impact/effort first. Automate and delegate things that take effort but don’t have much impact.

Easier said then done, but incrementally moving in the direction of where the puck’s going to be makes all the difference in the long term.


Typing, touch-typing, writing shorthand will make transcribing speed match the speed of speech.


This thread is predicated on the value of time, but ICYMI:

https://fs.blog/2017/03/seneca-on-the-shortness-of-time/


Constraints. Using simpler, less powerful tools; self-imposing arbitrary design restrictions; publicly committing to tight deadlines; etc. Makes your brain go into must-beat-this-game mode, stimulates creativity, and channels your energy.


Markdown! It has helped my writing so much


VerbalExpressions

Not for short regular expressions, but if you need to write longer ones you probably would want to use it.


Keeping track of the little things. And of course saying no.

If you take 30-60 minutes a day to be sure that little things that are easy to take care of are actually complete, over time your coworkers will think you're 5x as productive as you are now. I have to work at this; I instinctively bury myself in 1 problem and put every single other thing aside.

It's really the same trade-off as working hard on a low priority issue, but being careful not to neglect the smaller, easier, but more important issues as they come up.


As someone with a military background and experience working for contractors, I really hate using this kind of jargon for non-military stuff.

These tools are not force multipliers. Adding in concepts like "compound interest" or "sunk cost fallacy" stretches that meaning even further. Just stop.


Getting married.


Learning how to use the trackpoint properly.

Learning how to use a good dictionary instead of just banging something into Google / Bing / DDG.


Meditation.

However, a good butterfly is a bad worm.


Pulleys


Nonverbal communication.


Ego death


'Force multiplier'??? I've never understood this peculiarly American obsession with military metaphors, and I'd say this one is particularly ridiculous.


I find this to be a useful label for "a tool, technique, or approach that multiplies my ability to get useful things done by 5x, 50x, 1000x, etc"

Is there a better term for this?

We have "life hacks", but this isn't that.


Is this a GPT-3 post?


Why do you ask? Is it phrased strangely?


Depends on what we mean by strange. As communication styles evolve to imitate their imitators, it becomes increasingly difficult to distinguish, not just because NLG is increasingly closer to natural language, but also as natural language increasingly takes on the clumsy constructions of NLG.


Buy rental property with the bank's money, pay bank back with renter's money, rinse repeat.


Terrible advice, this is just leverage. What if you did this in 2004 in Detroit?

Leverage magnifies gains and magnifies losses. It increases risk. If the housing market tanks or rental prices drop too far below mortgage payments + upkeep then you're fucked. The more you did this, the more you're fucked.


Great when it works.


This is such a garbage question. "force multiplier" in this context is a meaningless phrase cribbed from military jargon. You may as well have asked "What is something useful that most people don't know" The answer could be literally almost anything.


From Wikipedia:

> The expected size increase required to have the same effectiveness without that advantage is the multiplication factor. For example, if a certain technology like GPS enables a force to accomplish the same results of a force five times as large but without GPS, then the multiplier is five.

I am asking about concepts or tools that hackers have in their back pockets which 5x or 10x or 1000x their effectiveness in life or work.

This is more specific than something useful that most people don't know, though it does fall under that umbrella.

For example, "how to take apart your laptop to clean the fan and replace thermal paste" is something useful that most people don't know, but that knowledge is not much of a force multiplier.




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