One of the authors, Michael Nielson, also wrote the "bible" of quantum computing, as referenced in a sibling comment. The remains one of the most popular and cited introductory texts to the subject, though today there are many more options on the market.
Quantum Computation and Quantum Information by Nielson and Chuang is the standard textbook for quantum computing. It has excellent background chapters on linear algebra and quantum mechanics, that will get you a lot of mileage.
Another book that I would recommend is Introduction to Classical and Quantum Computing by Thomas Wong. It's recent and has lots of examples, including lots of code, to show how to work with the math.
maybe not of your interest, but if one is more from a ML background, there's this nice book/overview by Maria Schuld and Francesco Petruccione, called Machine Learning with Quantum Computers, which is mostly regarding variational algorithm and quantum kernel machine. However, the best intro material is the one by Nielsen and Chuang.
Moreover, if you feel more comfortable by running examples there are qiskit, pennylane and other libraries which shares a lot of tutorials and notebook (and some can be run on a true quantum computer if you have the money or the time to wait in queue!)
