I have been working as a junior software engineer in France for the past year for a consulting company. I have been integrated with 2 different clients for 6 months each.
I feel like I'm actually leading the projects I'm on and adding value.
However, since I depend on VISA sponsorship I have accepted a salary of 32K€ (before tax).
I have been working for a year and have ZERO savings, I can't afford vacation and I feel like I'm being exploited.
Should I ask for a raise? If yes, how?
PS: I work in the south of France[0] where most IT workers are depending on VISAs so companies are very aware of the situation.
[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophia_Antipolis
Regardless, I would definitely ask for a raise. To argue in percentages is something managers tend to do in your salary segment (where 10% sounds like a lot to some). That may come in handy later, though, when you've done this for a few years, where the same percentage will get you more substantial increases.
I'd ask for a meeting with your manager, and play the classic yes game. Are you happy with my performance? Do you feel I am contributing to the progress of the company? Things like that. And then end with a simple question that doesn't DEMAND more money, but simply states that you aren't sure what the career plan is, and having worked here for some time, you'd like to know what the next 3 or 5 years look like.
If things escalate, maybe ask him what his position looks like, does he get a raise from time to time? Don't say this in comparison to you, just to get a better idea of what long-term careers at this company look like. Framing is key, I think, and I'm just basing everything on imaginary situations here. You'll have a better feel.
MOST IMPORTANTLY THOUGH: Don't just demand more money. Make sure you do so with reason. You don't have to be extraordinary to deserve a raise. Your money is worth less every single year, your rent and food costs you more every single year (simply by inflation), so your company actually pays you less if they don't step your salary up with it. Mention all the things you are proud of, abuse this social phenomenon that your boss probably can't say much against it, as that would make it personal (I think I did a great job on this one project.... "no you didn't" isn't what he's going to say, is he). He may think nothing of you, but if he can't say it out loud, you'll have a chance at the upper hand. He'll say his budget is limited, people above him control the situation, etc. — just say: "what can I do, to help you get me on a career path that involves a progression of my salary?"