Gray area? This is a dating app just like Tinder/Grindr etc. It's been live on iOS for almost 2 years with no issues and a high rating. It's also rated high maturity (ages 18+), and we are talking about occasional nudity here, not pornography, and we work hard to take down the nudity as soon as we see it. Our mods work hard, it's a tough job, and it sucks that after all the hard work they put in, the app still gets abruptly removed without explanation.
The point is that if Google would just take 5 extra minutes to tell us what they found that was in violation, then everyone would be better off, instead of having to go through this cycle of guessing what the problem is and resubmitting while in the process losing all reviews and rankings.
IMO the issue here is actually grey areas in general. Why not be more specific with the content policy or more specific with the reasons for removal. I don't think anyone who has been removed would complain if Google did one or the other. The issue is almost 0 communication and an insanely vague content policy combined with no consistency. I'm sure there are 100's of apps just like the OP's who are in good standing on the market.
> Astute readers will notice that the app is not actually banned from Google Play. Since our account is still in good standing, we’re allowed to release a new app under a different package name, but that means all reviews will be erased, and the download count will be reset.
As an astute reader, I think that they are planning to rename and resubmit the app.
So you are building/publishing grey area apps and are shocked when they give you the boot.