I recommend reading "Shadows of the Mind" by Roger Penrose. In that book he argues that strong artificial intelligence isn't achievable on classical computers, since the human brain seems to have the ability to do quantum computing in certain molecular structures. These processes probably can't be simulated efectively. So AI in today's computers probably won't work at all (although quantum computers or artificial neural networks might).
This is true, and it's also true that such quantum processes exist in the brain.
Penrose's claim was that those quantum processes are a significant part of the computation that is consciousness. It was discredited by getting better upper bounds on how much quantum computation the brain is capable of (ie very little).
