I disagree that mathematics is a universal language. Yes, "everyone" understands that 1 + 1 = 2 (most of the time, anyway), but that's not all there is to mathematics. There are vast numbers of different branches of mathematics, often compatible but also often incompatible (in both notation and semantics). There is a fairly common core of mathematical syntax, but beyond that different branches will use their own syntax. Perhaps that's like Lisps: the same fundamental meta-syntax but significantly different and often incompatible semantics and syntax on top of that.
I wasn't arguing that mathematics is a universal language, only that it approaches the ideal more closely than the present generation of computer programming languages.
> There is a fairly common core of mathematical syntax, but beyond that different branches will use their own syntax.
The fact that mathematics has many divisions isn't a counterargument unless mathematicians use different notations to refer to the same things. Apart from notoriously overused Greek letters, notations are unique and independent.
Spoken languages have many distinct vocabularies to serve the needs of specialists, but this doesn't undermine the usefulness of the language as a general tool. Same with mathematics.
