"Shit" isn't uncommon, though. It seems to me that English-language cursing is pretty broad-spectrum. For the toe-stubbing situation, for instance, you have the scatological ("Shit!"), the religious ("Christ!", "Damn!"), the sexual ("Fuck!"), the anatomical ("Arse!", at least in the UK; I don't think "ass" is used that way in the US), the weird-hybrid-between-sexual-and-religious-and-ethnic-minority-abuse ("Bugger!"; look its etymology up some time).

Personally, I usually just say "ow".