Here's (https://github.com/frio/cloud9-dockerfile) something vaguely along those lines -- a basic popup IDE using Cloud9. It's not a complete solution (and probably never will be) but it made me happy :).
You can run it with:
git clone https://github.com/frio/cloud9-dockerfile
cd cloud9-dockerfile
docker build -t "yourname/cloud9" ./
docker run yourname/cloud9 -e PROJECT=git@github.com:your/project
You can run it with:
... and then opening your-ip:3131 :).