It's possible but it's not really up to you. I had an experience I could describe almost exactly the same as yours. I later found out from a friend who stayed that my feedback was used in some sort of failed management coup between VPs I had never met or interacted with. But it associated me with that conflict, and one particular side of it.
I've thought about this a lot over the years but I don't think I had any information I could have used to predict this outcome. All the people and relationships I could observe were healthy and professional. But it continues to affect me professionally; the company was large and well known in my area and industry, people who worked there then are all over now. I don't give sincere feedback anymore.
It's up to you if you decide it is. Failing to do your part in counteracting sociopaths in society is what allows them to flourish. If your feedback was honest, balanced, and constructive, but it caused blowback, that's a sociopathic organisation.
This stance, which has been espoused throughout these comments, is in the same conceptual space as "we should stop upsetting terrorists or we're causing the terrorism".
It's really not. Being a member of the working class, that is having to sell your labor to survive, constrains your freedom in certain ways. The specific ways, and to what degree, are variable based on your circumstances and to some extent your choices.
But if you need to work for money there is no absolute freedom, you will have some constraints. You can decide the consequences of violating the constraints are worth it in some cases, as you have in this one. But that may circumscribe your ability to work for money at all in the future, as people are saying here.
People making this choice one way or the other may be more or less moral depending on the specifics, sometimes the circumstances do require our blood. For example someone working for ICE just for the paycheck right now is choosing evil. But it is a fundamentally different choice than "letting the terrorists win" or whatever.
"Sociopathic organizations" exist, you can't just write them out of your reasoning like this. A little marxism goes a long way in understanding what is happening here and how to engage with it.
I've thought about this a lot over the years but I don't think I had any information I could have used to predict this outcome. All the people and relationships I could observe were healthy and professional. But it continues to affect me professionally; the company was large and well known in my area and industry, people who worked there then are all over now. I don't give sincere feedback anymore.