There is a lot of control: at shooting time, exposure/aperture settings, various filter and lens choices, etc., scene light if you can change it; at processing time, many different ways to change which parts of the raw captured spectrum should map to which parts of display colour space.

There are technical limitations, but my point is that the process is inherently subjective; there is no way by which you can capture light from a scene and purely automatically obtain some sort of reference objective representation of it in the narrow display space.