I think I'd call that "local-first" or perhaps "offline-first". I can't think of a reason why a local-first app would need to be crammed into a single HTML file, hehe. I do agree it's very cool, though!
I tried to allude to this in my response above, but the fundamental reason that they're all crammed into a single file is to make sharing really easy. This is what I meant when I said it travels well through space.
I definitely get the appeal. Itβs analogous to the single file executable. One file to move around, no install process needed, just grab and run. It was the main reason I used to reach for Delphi back in the day for Windows utilities.