Great point thanks for calling USING out. Since you end up putting table_name_id for FKs it totally makes sense to just use that in the main table. Seems I am just so accustomed to having id as the default PK over the years it become habit (my DB professor was an old time IBM-er who preached all tables will have an ID). With auto complete in just about every tool these days and ORM limitations improving will need to update my thinking on this reality. 95% of the time living in the MSSQL world so USING is not something that can even be used (I don’t think).