Just the reading the summary: where's the fraud? He produced songs. Those songs were streamed. I really want to know specifically which ToC he violated.

The linked DOJ press release lays it out pretty clearly, in detail.

It's straightforward fraud, not really different from sending fake invoices to random companies.

They weren't listened to by people.

Defraud the general population: business as usual. Defraud a big company: 1000 years dungeon.

Was these platforms model so broken that you could generate this level of revenue by what must have been free accounts playing music? As surely you could then do same with fast produced junk?