If I understood you, it doesn't help much, no, but neither does what you suggested.
You're suggesting compiling Go to Wasm (presumably using the wasip1 target?), then converting that to C using wabt, then using Cosmopolitan to create an APE… is that it?
Well, that's not going to work.
First of all, Go's wasip1 target doesn't even support cgo, so if you want SQLite, you're dead right there.
Then, even if you used say TinyGo (which might support cgo, not sure), WASI just isn't a great target to compile SQLite into. WASI is a pretty limited syscall layer. You'd end up with no file locking, no shared memory. Also no threads.
Then, on top of that, you'd layer Cosmopolitan issues. Having written a portable SQLite VFS from scratch, I am not impressed with how they just paper over file locking semantics incompatibilities between OSes, and then confidently ship a forking webserver with SQLite bundled in. It takes a certain temerity, and not running many SQLite torture tests.
Wasm as an intermediate target is great for (single threaded) CPU stuff. WASI is great if you can fit it, but otherwise, it's not, not really.