I know this works on Macs with Intel chips. But the ones with ARM chips just won't execute fully static binaries, and I'm wondering if there's a workaround.
I’m guessing not. According to man ld on macOS, the -static flag, to produce a fully static executable, is only used to build the kernel. I don’t believe fully-static executables were ever officially supported on macOS, although they would work.
For clarity it's not the chip/ARM that causes the limitation, you can recompile the kernel (it's open source) to remove the block and it'll work fine - it's just a ton of work.