Using modern LDPC (or whatever error correction is most appropriate), and assuming a midrange stylus (budget ~ $99), and 100 year retention, I wonder how much data can you jam onto a 10", 2-sided record.
The records used by xwax have about 100 kilobytes of data on each side of a 12" record. However, the goals are very different here; it's designed to decode the position under specific conditions such as being moved very fast, in reverse and changing direction rapidly. There would be a more efficient encoding if your goal was to fit as much data as possible and relax the other requirements.
Yeah; I'm imagining the record sits in a basement for 100 years, and has mildew + scratches. Each error correction block has to be (I'd guess) at least 10x wider than a scratch, assuming the codes can correct 1 bit out of 10.
CDs use Reed Solomon, configured for a 1:10000 bit error rate, but NAND storage uses LDPC, which is much more robust.
Anyway, reading such a block would likely take the record player 10's-100's of milliseconds, and xwax seems to target 1ms.
Apparently, a one-off record costs about $99:
https://vinylify.com/how-to-make-vinyl-online/
Using modern LDPC (or whatever error correction is most appropriate), and assuming a midrange stylus (budget ~ $99), and 100 year retention, I wonder how much data can you jam onto a 10", 2-sided record.