Theoretically, in German you can stack the prefix, but it's also not exactly common (everybody would know what you mean though).

Vorvorgestern... would be the day before the day before yesterday.

Überübermorgen... the day after the day after tomorrow.

Instead you'd simply say the German equivalent of '3 days ago', or 'in 3 days'.

The simple vorgestern and übermorgen are absolutely in common use though.