It's an employment program. Unemployment is massive and reported. In the less populated provinces it's devastating. They are trying desperately to avoid a revolution.
Not that I believe that conscription causes revolution, but if by "The Eastern Block" you mean the Warsaw Pact countries in Central and Eastern Europe, those regimes lasted about 40 years before being overthrown by revolution...
40 years is not a "really long time" when talking about how long a system of government should survive.
It's well under a lifetime, and is around the number of years people in the US expect to work before retirement.
Taking just the GDR for example, statistically anyone who was born around the years of its founding went on to outlive that government by another 20-25 years.
You can't really call a government stable if basically everyone born into it is expected to outlive it.
And independently of the question of whether or not 40 years is a "long time", the fact also remains that Warsaw Pact Germany, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia had large scale uprisings in the 1950s and 1960s which were violently put down by the Soviet military.
If that is the goal, then this course of action may be counterproductive. Military service may increase the sense of entitlement among youths, who will still face unemployment after the training is over.