TSMC has had aot of help. America helping ASML get started to power TSMC the end of a long chain of events here, is enormous amounts of science done by many, over time.

Who really knows, but I tend to think the nuclear physics were pretty involved. I enjoyed the What John Von Neumann Did At Los Alamos, from the evr excellent 3quarksdaily crew, which talks about how his brilliant mind combined with his explosives expertise was key to steering the Manhattan Project towards success. The article enhanced my appreciation for the challenge. https://3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2020/10/what-john-von-...

Enriched uranium was exploded in a gun bomb for the Manhattan Project, not by implosion. The lenses in Fat Man used two different explosives, in each of which TNT was a minority component.