My wife's a doc, in residency, and also Swiss, so I find myself referencing this study [1] on residency hours in Swiss residency programs over years. Bottom line: there are limitations on hours/wk and consecutive shifts, but enforcement of that is a joke + nonexistant, especially among residents (note resident's interest in maintaining their resident status and remaining 'bureaucratically blessed'). [2] See the Albuquerque neurosurgery resident walkout for an interesting business case of the real value of surgeon residents and what might motivate them to cause a big kerfuffle in hopes of bringing about changes. [3] I'm mostly acquainted with attending physicians who don't mind the 60hr weeks when they don't have a choice, and residents who pick up the rest of the work that attendings financially benefit from. Surgery attendings seem to be a special sort of animal. It's just not as simple as limiting hours, unfortunately -_-

[1]: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3464122/ [2]: https://psnet.ahrq.gov/issue/public-opinion-resident-physici... [3]: https://thesheriffofsodium.com/2022/02/04/how-much-are-resid...