I can't speak to incentives in China, but India had national publication requirements for post grads. These requirements drove an industry of predatory pay-for-publish journals, 'cause you aren't getting your degree without it.
In the US marginal students can take a degree and leave academia without churning out fake garbage.
There are plenty of conferences and journals publishing low quality articles in the US too lol. I'd say majority of phd and thesis based master's programs have publication requirements in the US.
In the US marginal students can take a degree and leave academia without churning out fake garbage.