I always upvote content from Julia Evans, she's doing amazing things on many different subjects. And this is no exception.
That said, specifically about Git internals, I found that the "ugit: DIY Git in Python" tutorial [1] by Nikita Leshenko was never surpassed in terms of quality and clarity as to understanding the inside of the .git repository.
This is especially good to know when you’re exfiltrating .git folders that are unprotected and publicly accessible on websites :-)
Seriously though, make sure you’re deleting .git folders from deployed websites - or at least prevent them from being accessed. In at 300+ of the 1000+ website .git folders I downloaded from random websites there were private access credentials to AWS, GitHub, OpenAI, etc.
That said, specifically about Git internals, I found that the "ugit: DIY Git in Python" tutorial [1] by Nikita Leshenko was never surpassed in terms of quality and clarity as to understanding the inside of the .git repository.
[1] https://www.leshenko.net/p/ugit/