Registered memory has a buffer for communication between the dram and the memory controller. So the DDR bus is attached to an intermediate buffer chip, rather than directly to the dram chips on the DIMM.
This can give better electrical characteristics of the bus, as the buffer chip to the DIMM connector can have simplified routing and higher power signaling without putting more load on the DRAM chips, and the buffer chip design being focused on this interface signaling rather than compromising between that and the actual DRAM cells.
It's a bit more expensive, being an extra chip on each DIMM, and has a latency penalty, as the buffer chip means everything on the DDR bus is effectively 1 clock behind what the DRAM chips themselves provide. But it's often necessary if you have a large number of DIMMs on a single channel or very long traces required for packing lots of DIMMs around a CPU, as that increases the electrical capacitance and noise of each path, which many DRAM chips can struggle to drive, especially at higher speeds.
As dram chip density increases you can get higher capacities without the longer bus traces and more DIMMs per channel that might require registered ram, there's nothing "fundamental" about 64gb needing registered ram, and you are already seeing 48gb DDR5 DIMMs that can work on consumer platforms, which often have no issues running 4 DIMMs without registered ram.
This can give better electrical characteristics of the bus, as the buffer chip to the DIMM connector can have simplified routing and higher power signaling without putting more load on the DRAM chips, and the buffer chip design being focused on this interface signaling rather than compromising between that and the actual DRAM cells.
It's a bit more expensive, being an extra chip on each DIMM, and has a latency penalty, as the buffer chip means everything on the DDR bus is effectively 1 clock behind what the DRAM chips themselves provide. But it's often necessary if you have a large number of DIMMs on a single channel or very long traces required for packing lots of DIMMs around a CPU, as that increases the electrical capacitance and noise of each path, which many DRAM chips can struggle to drive, especially at higher speeds.
As dram chip density increases you can get higher capacities without the longer bus traces and more DIMMs per channel that might require registered ram, there's nothing "fundamental" about 64gb needing registered ram, and you are already seeing 48gb DDR5 DIMMs that can work on consumer platforms, which often have no issues running 4 DIMMs without registered ram.