Rust as a pure language perhaps not, but Rust as an ecosystem, has a standard UEFI alloc/dealloc system: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/library/std/sr...

One could, of course, write their own allocator and heap tracking system as part of the UEFI firmware, or reimplement the entire thing without any of the standard library and simply relying on the core library, but if you want to deal with fallibility, you'll have to reimplement every part of the language toolkit and use Option<> or Result<> for every API call, which would only complicate the rewrite more.