Women are more social, i.e. more agreeable[1], more people-oriented[2], and so on. As such, they will be more susceptible to status anxiety derived from their place in the social hierarchy. Men's social status is more about who you are, what you do, or what you have, and so social hierarchy is less relevant. Social media has massively scaled up the complexity and the stakes of managing one's place in the social hierarchy. Women feel this more acutely than men. Teens even moreso because they are actively negotiating their place in the hierarchy and are less likely to have a rigid social network to fall back on and feel secure in.
The fact you even had to explain this is surprising to me. We don't need papers to tell us this stuff, this is something one can learn by basic common sense observation of the world. Why are people so keen on pretending like there aren't very basic psychological differences between the sexes?
It's one thing to notice differences, it's completely another to attribute specific phenomena to them based on these lay observations. I mean, in recent memory, the "basic common sense" consensus was that women were not capable of owning property or voting because of these observed differences.
And I mean do I even need to point out that "cattiness" is not exactly a well-attested psychological axis in use by reputable professionals? This is simple straightforward misogyny. They adequately laundered it through a thesaurus to HN standards when pressed but the underlying attitude is just crusty old sexism.
By your lights, its literally impossible to refer to behaviors that are gender biased without being sexist. It turns out that stereotypes typically have a ring of truth to them. It is absurd to make any mention of them verboten in some misplaced effort to excise sexism from the discourse. We cant improve things if we can't accurately describe them. It's also stupid to insist on unnecessarily verbose descriptions just to avoid charges of sexism, which still wasn't enough for you. Efficient communication is a virtue.
[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3149680/
[2] https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.0018...