How dangerous is this when the patch somehow pops out (or is removed by kids) and sits in the street? When you run over a 12" bag of shear-thickening fluid, does it turn into a rock and destroy your car?
I doubt it could be any more dangerous than the pothole, since the patch would spread out to be as thin as the bag allows, making it into a thin lump on the road that would be no more likely to fly up and damage a car than loose pieces of pavement around the edge of the pothole.