Thanks, maybe all of these studies should be pre-LLM'd since my take-away from the title and the article was lidocaine is causing cancer.

If you know what apoptosis is, then it's pretty obvious it's the opposite. Apoptosis means programmed cell death.

"Lidocaine induces programmed cell death in head and neck cancer" is pretty clear.

I'm going to guess there is not an insignificant number of people that had my understanding.

I initially parsed the headline as "Lidocaine induces (apoptosis in head) and (neck squamous cell carcinoma)". I suspect being familiar with the phrase "head and neck ... carcinoma" is what's critical.

and if you dont, there's always a dictionary to assist before making a post on something you dont understand