Back in 2000 there was a the Helma Object Publisher, a web application framework, written in Java, based on Netscape’s Rhino, afair, and enabling serverside Javascript including a form of ORM which mapped the db into JS objects. Antville, for a time the biggest austro-german blogging community, was and I think still is written in it.

https://github.com/antville/helma

Yes, it was called Netscape Application Server. They changed the product line name later, to IPlanet Application Server, IIRC.

Modules written in JavaScript and run on the server were called AppLogics (bad name, IMO).

As did Microsoft with ASP (your choice was VBScript or JScript for a scripting language)

JScript still runs in modern Microsoft servers. I still have one site running with ASP.NET/JScript.

They were very slow even compared to the Java of that age.