I met someone recently who finished their PhD in computer vision related work a couple years ago and she said all of her specialization now felt useless, but that her PhD was still useful for understanding the fundamentals for a job she now has but does absolutely nothing with her research experience.
HmThat very heavily depends on the specialization. E.g, you did image processing, basically useless now, you did GANs, diffusion models took over. It's like that for probably most phds but the research skills, writing skills etc are with you forever.