Pricing below costs is the opposite of a problem for consumers (in the short term…). “Predation” in this case refers to competing businesses, who often have enjoyed a long period of monopoly rents.
Sometimes that is true, but if the barrier to entry is low (eg. ridehailing services), as soon as the predator raises prices, competitors will appear. If the barrier to entry is high (eg. telecommunications), there is usually some antitrust regulation.
