There are multi-pigment color e-ink displays that don't use a filter array. E-Ink's ACeP range uses four pigments (CMY+white). The white pigments are reflective, the others are transparent, and you basically sort of sort/stack them with different drive voltages, combining different pigments above white while leaving others below the white layer.
I think OP is dissatisfied even with greyscale e-ink panels, though.
I think OP is dissatisfied even with greyscale e-ink panels, though.