It's not like Windows is not a disjointed experience, UI-wise. The Win 98 days are long gone, when all the apps had a nice uniform native Windows UI - and even then, maybe it's just that my glasses are rosy. Maybe macOS fares better in this regard, I have no experience, but they have got the reputation.
To zoom out - the reasons desktop Linux is not adopted on a wider scale have nothing to do with its technological prowess. It's working as well as any other desktop OS would. The reasons are rather political, and especially business-related. With making schools teach Windows and MS Office, giving governments and public offices deals, having vendors bundle it by default to new computers, not enforcing anti-piracy, is the way Microsoft achieved that their software is the desktop standard, not by making the software superior in specialized contexts like a uniform UI, or a better architecture. Their blend of adequate software, vertical integration, ruthless business, and some support for every type of user is what won them their current status.
To zoom out - the reasons desktop Linux is not adopted on a wider scale have nothing to do with its technological prowess. It's working as well as any other desktop OS would. The reasons are rather political, and especially business-related. With making schools teach Windows and MS Office, giving governments and public offices deals, having vendors bundle it by default to new computers, not enforcing anti-piracy, is the way Microsoft achieved that their software is the desktop standard, not by making the software superior in specialized contexts like a uniform UI, or a better architecture. Their blend of adequate software, vertical integration, ruthless business, and some support for every type of user is what won them their current status.