none of those things gets rid of the root causes: too much financialization and speculation
alot of these things used to be regulated, discouraged or prohibited, but with deregulation of much of finance more and more wealth is generated from speculation, rents and leverage... if people can make money passively from doing nothing but owning something (real or virtual) there is less motivation for "real productive work" and squeezes out the rest of the economy.
this compounds over time and get the results you see today: high land costs, rents, inflation etc.
blocking immigration or adding tariffs etc will do nothing to stop any that....
The only real way to fight this is oversupply imho. Can't financialize something that doesn't generate outsized returns. If expected returns are lower (and risk higher) than the next financial class, money will move to that other financial class instead. Right now, real estate is low risk/high reward compared to the next best option (stocks?). So...money pours into real estate. Increase that supply to the point where finding a renter is at least marginally challenging, and you'll find that cash goes elsewhere.
Oh but yes you can financialize. Financializatuon of real estate isn't really about outsized returns, it's the return to risk ratio that has potential for massive leverage.
So if you increase supply and then people get bigger homes, etc..., until prices reach an equilibrium, then as long as rents exceed maintenance costs and land doesn't depreciate, you have a leverage (read: financialization) opportunity.
Then prices rise again until you do something else, and eventually you approach infrastructure scaling limits.
alot of these things used to be regulated, discouraged or prohibited, but with deregulation of much of finance more and more wealth is generated from speculation, rents and leverage... if people can make money passively from doing nothing but owning something (real or virtual) there is less motivation for "real productive work" and squeezes out the rest of the economy.
this compounds over time and get the results you see today: high land costs, rents, inflation etc.
blocking immigration or adding tariffs etc will do nothing to stop any that....