Their system was basically designed the way you're saying, with a fallback to grab the data from the central location if it's missing locally. What you're asking for is the same system without a fallback, which doesn't make any sense.
The fallback was the problem - design it without it, or with a manual window that pops up saying "ITEM NOT FOUND, QUERY TARGET ORACLE" or something, and the fault wouldn't have taken down the whole company.
If suddenly every cashier is being forced to hit OK on every item, people would hear about it immediately from the test rollout instead of when it hit everything (of course, assuming you have good methods for detecting things like this and don't just completely ignore associates' complaints).