That's what it was. VM with a barebones deployment system that had a ton of hooks in it.
Really really smart idea that IMO helped Amazon in the 2010s immensely. While everyone else was figuring out k8s and whatnot, Amazon had a good system with CI in place for years.
I wonder how it's fared over time. Amazon was never known for internal tooling in many other places. I hope Apollo is still running strong today.
There's been a company wide effort to move everything to Native AWS. While many existing services still run on Apollo, virtually all new services are created on ECS, EC2 or Lambda.