In theory, every modern programable radio transmitting device could become a jammer in their operational frequency band with the appropriate firmware (like SDR dongles or even some WiFi routers and Bluetooth dongles, for example).
That's why we require FCC certifications, to make sure that these kinds of devices cannot act like jammers out of the box. However, like I said, with the right custom FW, they could be turned into jammers illegally by bad actors.
A common easy trick used in some home WiFI routers to boost the range for free, was to select a specific country from the device configuration menu, outside of Europe/North America, which had lower restrictions on TX signal strength than what the FCC/EU allowed, and presto, extra (illegal) WiFi range for free.
That's why we require FCC certifications, to make sure that these kinds of devices cannot act like jammers out of the box. However, like I said, with the right custom FW, they could be turned into jammers illegally by bad actors.
A common easy trick used in some home WiFI routers to boost the range for free, was to select a specific country from the device configuration menu, outside of Europe/North America, which had lower restrictions on TX signal strength than what the FCC/EU allowed, and presto, extra (illegal) WiFi range for free.