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These types of Genetically Recoded Organisms can reproduce, but they are required to be grown on a special media containing the extra nucleic acids or the amino acids. This is actually a neat type of way to prevent modified organisms from escaping the research environment and growing in the wild.
Do you think they can even survive for long enough outside the special media for that to happen?
The most common method of escape that I read about is a genetic mutation that swaps out the recoded substitution for an amino acid that happens the keep the protein viable.
This is preventable if you simply use multiple substitutions in multiple places. That makes the probability of viable escape next to nothing if done well.
