Was looking for this comment. In McNamara's reflection, a tenant he called out was to understand the enemy. US didn't understand the Viet Congs motivation for fighting the war (freedom from colonizers) whereas the US viewed the war as a larger Cold War. This is the same as what happened in Afghanistan that we didn't learn.
I'd argue the US has not tried to understand the enemy since the Cuban missile crisis.
There are more failures outside of Afghanistan, and I think the US is going to walk right into another one.
