The Japanese text in that PDF doesn't say anything about cron. It just says that the script was overwritten "while there was an executing script in existence" ("実行中のスクリプトが存在している状態で"), and doesn't say whether that was because that executing script was launched by cron or by hand.

I took: "bash は、シェルスクリプトの実行中に適時シェ", which means it's either cronjob or sleep with a loop ( https://iww.hateblo.jp/entry/20211229/file_lost_insident )

I read this sentence as “Bash reads the shell script just-in-time while executing it”, with no context as to why it was running (cron, loop, by hand…)

"シェルスクリプト" is "shell script", but my Japanese is too poor to understand 実行中 or 適時.

I guess the most correct context is that the script was running "periodically".

https://zenn.dev/mattn/articles/5af86b61004bdc https://iww.hateblo.jp/entry/20211229/file_lost_insident

実行中: while executing

適時: appropriate times, or as needed

Thank you very much!