The entire New Testament was originally written in Greek during the late 00’s/early 100’s. The papyrus mentioned in the article is a copy of Luke’s gospel dated to about 200 AD, but the original manuscript was written closer to 100 AD [0]. We have fragments of and references to the book of Luke from earlier than 200, but the copy from 200 is the first fragment containing the Lord’s Prayer and that unknown adjective.
The Septuagint (the Old Testament) was also in Greek, and translated around 200 BC, and was the official scriptures read in synagogues at the time. If they read scriptures in another local language in the synagogue, they were also required to read it from the Septuagint in Greek afterwards because that was the official language for scriptures in the synagogues. Only after Romans started persecuting the Christians did Jews start separating themselves and trying to put together a separate canon and translating it back into Hebrew, which wasn't accomplished until the 1400s.
[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke