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This seems like extending the "known knowns" concept to an additional dimension, involving truth.

In the known-knowns model, you have knowledge and metaknowledge (what you know, what you know you know):

     K   U   -- What you know
  K  KK  KU

  U  UK  UU
   \
    What you know you know
If we add truth to that, you end up with a four-dimensional array with dimensions of knowledge, knowledge of knowledge, truth-value, and knowledge-of-truth-value. Rather than four states, there are now 16:

         TT   TF   FT   FF   (Truth & belief of truth)
        ---- ---- ---- ----
  KK  | KKTT KKTF KKFT KKFF
  KU  | KUTT KUTF KKFT KKFF
  UK  | UKTT UKTF UKFT UKFF
  UU  | UUTT UUTF UUFT UUFF
False information is the FT and FF columns.

In both the TF and FT columns, belief of the truth-value of data is incorrect.

In both the KU and UU columns, there is a lack of knowledge (e.g., ignorance), either known or unknown.

(I'm still thinking through what the implications of this are. Mapping it out helps structure the situation.)



Reminds me of epistemology, where this is a distinction between certainty and truth.


Yes, there's an element of that in this.




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