the worst kind i think is the special entitlement whatsapp and other popular messaging apps get for abusing voip push notifications (not related to an actual voip call, but still waking up the app).
Meh, let me as a user decide if an app should be allowed in the background or not.
The "kill everything" approach to keep battery life is just a band aid and more often than not just ruining someone's experience. I've heard sooo many stories of people using fitness trackers on ios that stops working in the middle of a run, for instance.
there are other solutions to accomplish the same goal (edit: maybe not all of the whatsapp features though), but it requires a bit of work.
I believe the reason they did that was to allow whatsapp to keep working when they decided to update the voip notification behavior on ios 12 (or 13 ?) and stop forwarding voip if the app didn't actually trigger an "incoming call" screen after the notification has arrived.
I don't think Apple let Uber record device screen from background. I think this is something that Uber would be proactively avoiding doing to remain in App Store.
The linked article states that it was granted to render map on old Apple Watch.