I'm not sure how the iCloud Sync works in this case but if you use Desktop Safari where it has your iOS history too you might be able to get it out of the Safari sqlite DB on your computer:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28628385/sqlite-safari-h...

Safari reading list already does this

https://support.apple.com/guide/safari/keep-a-reading-list-s...

If you can somehow extract your browsing history, archivebox can ingest a list of links

ArchiveBox comes with a script that exports Safari history to a text file (which can then be imported into AB):

    ./bin/export_browser_history.sh --safari

https://github.com/ArchiveBox/ArchiveBox/blob/dev/bin/export...