Recommending

https://www.reddit.com/r/glitch_art/

https://www.reddit.com/r/pixelsorting/

Fuzzers can also create glitchy images: https://lcamtuf.blogspot.com/2014/11/pulling-jpegs-out-of-th...

I have seen that image of the woman wearing the round hat and looking in to the camera in several image processing articles or tutorials now. Is there a story there? Ie is it a/the standard image people use to demonstrate something in image processing (similar to writing "Hello World" for programming languages, or printing Benchy for 3D printing)?

It’s a photo of Lena.

“Lenna or Lena is the name given to a standard test image widely used in the field of image processing since 1973. It is a picture of the Swedish model Lena Forsén, shot by photographer Dwight Hooker, cropped from the centerfold of the November 1972 issue of Playboy magazine.”

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenna

See also

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8707093

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19181257

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15670650

Very interesting, thank you. This is exactly what I was looking for.

Also look up the history of china dolls in photography/film/video.

There are also physical prints of glitch art, and video renders, and they are even shown in art museums. https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-10427458

Is there a short description of how it works?

It screws up your image in a way that allows it to still be decoded by image viewers