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It's very similar to a LED and a solar panel.

Except instead of a LED converting electricity into visible EM radiation, it's an antenna that converts electricity into a focused beam of microwave EM radiation. And on the other side instead of a solar panel you have an antenna to convert back from EM into electricity.

A similar example is WiFi/Bluetooth where you have antennas converting electricity to EM radition and back. Except they're at much lower power - well under a watt for phones/laptops, and up to a watt for routers, and generally the antennas are omnidirectional instead of focused.

If you really wanted to use visible light instead of microwave and not have antennas you could do a laser and a solar panel to get effectively the same product. Pretty sure laser power transmission is a thing with some niche use cases.




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