While I agree that "not everything needs to be in std lib", having worked with other languages that support embedding out of the box, let me tell you it's handy.
It also seems like an area where it'd be nice for there to be a single uniform way to do it.
For runtime, you can certainly read any arbitrary binary file in C without problems.
For compile time, I make heavy use of xxd -i to generate header files in a range of projects. It is no longer installed by default on most +nix systems, but it is generally still in your package manager (often installed alongside vim), and has been around since 1990.