Signals are not dependent on concurrency. And you don't need multiple processes to implement a state machine.
I mean think about it. Whats the difference between sending message A and then message B versus sending messages A and B into a queue and letting some async process pop from it? Less complexity and guaranteed message delivery come for free in single-threaded code.
I don't think you're wrong, but in Jtsummers' specific case, I think multi-processing probably would be simpler. You don't have to implement the event loop, there's no risk of tromping on other processes' data, and if a process gets into an invalid state, you can just die without impacting others.
You'd need a good watchdog and error handling, but presumably some of that came for "free" in their environment.
Although if you take out the "free" OS support, watchdog, etc., I agree that there's likely a place between "shared memory spaghetti" and "multi-processing" that's simpler than both.
Exactly this. I had started my own reply and refreshed and saw yours, thanks.
The other benefit of the concurrent design (versus the single-threaded version) was that it was actually much simpler. This was critical for our field because that system is still flying, now 12 years later, and will probably be flying for another 30-50 years. The single-threaded system was unnecessarily complex. Much of the complexity came from having to include code to handle all the state juggling between the separate tasks, since each had some dependency on each other (not a fully connected graph, but not entirely disconnected either). The concurrent design made it trivial to write something very close to the most naive version possible, where waiting was something that only happened when external input was needed. So the coordination between each task just fell out naturally.
You still have to care about locking the system up, but in our case because each process was sufficiently reduce to its essentials, this was easy to evaluate and reason about.
Ah, indeed misread that. Then my answer is: Singlethreaded code sometimes has to implement things an async environment would handle for you.
I.e. when handling many in- and outputs I can write my own loop around epoll etc, write logic to keep of track of queues of data to send per-target etc. Or I can use a runtime that provides that for me and lets me mostly pretend things are running on their own.
I mean think about it. Whats the difference between sending message A and then message B versus sending messages A and B into a queue and letting some async process pop from it? Less complexity and guaranteed message delivery come for free in single-threaded code.
Am I wrong? What am I missing?