It’s hard to predict a worldwide pandemic. It’s easier, but still difficult, to predict the course of a pandemic when it first emerges. You can build a model that measures the risk of supply chain disruption vs. the cost of buying more inventory than you normally would. This could go beyond pandemics obviously.
Ah okay that makes sense. I honestly get kind of annoyed when I buy things that aren't labelled as backorders and then get told that even though I paid, they don't have stock. I'm not sure if the OP labels them as such or not