No, I would not say that a type system is an "extremely opinionated" linter because TypeScript is about proving correctness and safety, not enforcing style guidelines.
A linter and a type system are two extremely different things. The only thing they have in common is that they statically analyse code.
> One is a language, and the other is an (overused and over configured) linter.
You could also say that one is an extremely opinionated linter and the other is just a linter.