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My friends and I had the same question. I did a little searching and found an interesting paper[0]. The oldest reference it has is from 2009[1]

[0] https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/jo...

[1] Kelso J,Milne G,Kelly H (2009) Simulation suggests that rapid activation of social distancing can arrest epidemic development due to a novel strain of influenza. BMC Public Health 9: 117.




I found an earlier reference (May 2006) in the context of transmission prevention here [0]:

> The idea that within a week or two of a pandemic's initiation we could quench it by saturating a ring of at-risk population with oseltamivir, achieving 90% coverage and high compliance, and at the same time impose movement restrictions and social distancing—all this depending on the causal virus having an Ro <2·0—is simply fanciful.

[0] https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS014067...

It's also referenced here [1] in the context of the SARS pandemic, but I'd argue that the usage isn't quite the same.

[1] https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/bsp.2004.2.265


May 2006: "National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza: Implementation Plan", US Department of Homeland Security

https://books.google.com/books?id=4rnZeV0YhvUC&pg=PA171&dq=%...




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